Featured Publications & Products

• Bujanovic, Biljana; Reiner, Richard S.; Ralph, Sally A.; Atalla, Rajai H. 2011. Polyoxometalate delignification of birch kraft pulp and effect on residual lignin.
• Bujanovic, Biljana; Ralph, Sally; Reiner, Richard; Hirth, Kolby; Atalla, Rajai. 2010. Polyoxometalates in oxidative delignification of chemical pulps: effect on lignin.
• Agarwal, Umesh P.; Reiner, Richard S.; Ralph, Sally A. 2010. Cellulose I crystallinity determination using FT-Raman spectroscopy : univariate and multivariate methods.
• Agarwal, Umesh P.; Reiner, Richard S. 2009. Near-Ir surface-enhanced Raman spectrum of lignin.

Patents

• Agarwal, Umesh; Ralph, Sally; Reiner, Richard; Baez, Carlos. 2018. Production of Cellulose Nanocrystals from Raw Wood Via Hydrothermal treatment.
• Zhu, JunYong; Reiner, Richard. 2014. Methods for Integrating the Production of Cellulose Nanofibrils with the Production of Cellulose Nanocrystals.
• Atalla, Rajai H.; Weinstock, Ira A.; Hill, Craig L.; Reiner, Richard S. 1996. Oxidation of Lignin and Polysaccharides Mediated by Polyoxometalate Treatment of Wood Pulp.

Publications

• Stark, Nicole M.; Wei, Liquing ; Sabo, Ronald C.; Reiner, Richard R.; Matuana, Laurent M. 2018. Effect of freeze-drying on the morphology of dried cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and tensile properties of poly(lactic) acid-CNC composites.
• Agarwal, Umesh P.; Ralph, Sally A.; Reiner, Richard S.; Baez, Carlos . 2018. New cellulose crystallinity estimation method that differentiates between organized and crystalline phases.
• Agarwal, Umesh P.; Ralph, Sally A.; Reiner, Richard S.; Hunt, Christopher G.; Baez, Carlos ; Ibach, Rebecca ; Hirth, Kolby C. 2018. Production of high lignin-containing and lignin-free cellulose nanocrystals from wood.
• Agarwal, Umesh P.; Ralph, Sally A.; Baez, Carlos; Reiner, Richard S.; Verrill, Steve P. 2017. Effect of sample moisture content on XRD-estimated cellulose crystallinity index and crystallite size.
• Hassanzadeh, Masoumeh; Sabo, Ronald; Rudie, Alan; Reiner, Richard; Gleisner, Roland; Oporto, Gloria S. 2017. Nanofibrillated cellulose from appalachian hardwoods logging residues as template for antimicrobial copper.
• Agarwal, Umesh P.; Ralph, Sally A.; Reiner, Richard S.; Baez, Carlos. 2016. Probing crystallinity of never-dried wood cellulose with Raman spectroscopy.
• Clausen, Carol A.; Yang, Vina W.; Arango, Rachel A.; Hasburgh, Laura E.; Lebow, Patricia K.; Reiner, Richard S. 2015. Cellulose Nanocrystal Entrapment of Benzalkonium Chloride in Southern Pine: Biological, Chemical, and Physical Properties.
• Agarwal, Umesh P.; Reiner, Richard S.; Hunt, Christopher G.; Catchmark, Jeffery; Foster, E. Johan; Isogai, Akira. 2015. Comparison of Cellulose Supramolecular Structures Between Nanocrystals of Different Origins.
• Agarwal, Umesh P.; Ralph, Sally A.; Reiner, Rick S.; Stark, Nicole M. 2015. Formation of Irreversible H-bonds in Cellulose Materials.
• Dong, Hong; Sliozberg, Yelena R.; Snyder, James F.; Steele, Joshua; Chantawansri, Tanya L.; Orlicki, Joshua A.; Walck, Scott D.; Reiner, Richard S.; Rudie, Alan W. 2015. Highly transparent and toughened poly(methyl methacrylate) nanocomposite films containing networks of cellulose nanofibrils.
• Gu, Hongmei; Reiner, Richard; Bergman, Richard; Rudie, Alan. 2015. LCA Study for Pilot Scale Production of Cellulose Nano Crystals (CNC) from Wood Pulp.
• Agarwal, Umesh P.; Ralph, Sally A.; Reiner, Rick S.; Baez, Carlos. 2015. New Model of Wood Cell Wall Microfibril and Its Implications.
• Agarwal, Umesh P.; Ralph, Sally A.; Reiner, Richard S.; Moore, Roderquita K.; Baez, Carlos. 2014. Impacts of fiber orientation and milling on observed crystallinity in jack pine.
• Agarwal, Umesh P.; Reiner, Richard S.; Ralph, Sally A. 2013. Chapter 1.1 Crystallinity of Nanocellulose Materials by Near-IR FT-Raman Spectroscopy.
• Reiner, Richard S.; Rudie, Alan W. 2013. Chapter 1.1 Process Scale-Up of Cellulose Nanocrystal Production to 25 kg per Batch at the Forest Products Laboratory.
• Agarwal, Umesh; Sabo, Ronald; Reiner, Richard; Clemons, Craig; Rudie, Alan. 2013. Chapter 1.4: Spatially Resolved Characterization of CNC-Polypropylene composite by Confocal Raman Microscopy.
• Agarwal, Umesh P.; Reiner, Richard R.; Ralph, Sally A. 2013. Estimation of Cellulose Crystallinity of Lignocelluloses Using Near-IR FT-Raman Spectroscopy and Comparison of the Raman and Segal-WAXS Methods.
• Wang, Q.Q.; Zhu, J.Y.; Reiner, R.S.; Verrill, S.P.; Baxa, U.; McNeil, S.E. 2012. Approaching zero cellulose loss in cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) production: recovery and characterization of cellulosic solid residues (CSR) and CNC.
• Dong, Hong; Strawhecker, Kenneth E.; Snyder, James A.; Orlicki, Joshua A.; Reiner, Richard S.; Rudie, Alan W. 2012. Cellulose nanocrystals as a reinforcing material for electrospun poly(methyl methacrylate) fibers: formation, properties and nanomechanical characterization.
• Steele, Joshua; Dong, Hong; Snyder, James F.; Orlicki, Josh A.; Reiner, Richard S.; Rudie, Alan W. 2012. Nanocellulose reinforcement of Transparent Composites.
• Agarwal, Umesh P.; Sabo, Ronald; Reiner, Richard S.; Clemons, Craig M.; Rudie, Alan W. 2012. Spatially Resolved Characterization of Cellulose Nanocrystal-Polypropylene Composite by Confocal Raman Microscopy.
• Agarwal, Umesh P.; Sabo, R.; Reiner, Richard S.; Clemons, Craig Merrill; Rudie, Alan W. 2009. Raman analysis and mapping of cellulose nanocrystal-polypropylene composite.
• Agarwal, Umesh P.; Reiner, Richard S.; Beecher, James F. 2009. Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy for lignin analysis.
• Agarwal, Umesh P.; Reiner, Richard S.; Ralph, Sally A. 2009. Determination of cellulose I crystallinity by FT-Raman spectroscopy.
• Rudie, Alan W.; Reiner, Richard; Ross-Sutherland, Nancy ; Kenealy, William. 2007. Acid prehydrolysis of wood.
• Hill, Craig L.; Delannoy, Laurent; Duncan, Dean C.; Weinstock, Ira A.; Renneke, Roman F.; Reiner, Richard S.; Atalla, Rajai H.; Han, Jong Woo; Hillesheim, Daniel A.; Cao, Rui; Anderson, Travis M.; Okun, Nelya M.; Musaev, Djamaladdin G.; Geletii, Yurii V. 2007. Complex catalysts from self-repairing ensembles to highly reactive air-based oxidation systems.
• Bujanovic, Biljana; Hirth, Kolby C.; Ralph, Sally A.; Reiner, Richard S.; Atalla, Rajai H. 2007. Composition of the organic components in polyxometalate (POM) liquors from kraft pulp bleaching.
• Bujanovic, Biljana; Ralph, Sally A.; Reiner, Richard S.; Atalla, Rajai H. 2007. Lignin modification in the initial phase of softwood kraft pulp delignification with polyoxometalates (POMs).
• Agarwal, Umesh P.; Reiner, Richard S.; Ralph, Sally A. 2006. Using nano- and micro-particles of silver in lignin analysis.
• Agarwal, Umesh P.; Reiner, Richard S.; Pandey, Ashok K.; Ralph, Sally A.; Hirth, Kolby C.; Atalla, Rajai H. 2005. Raman spectra of lignin model compounds.
• Bujanovic, Biljana; Reiner, Richard S.; Ralph, Sally A.; Agarwal, Umesh P.; Atalla, Rajai H. 2005. Structural changes of residual lignin of softwood and hardwood kraft pulp upon oxidative treatment with polyoxometalates.
• Bujanovic, Biljana; Reiner, Richard S.; Hirth, Kolby C.; Ralph, Sally A.; Atalla, Rajai H. 2005. Studies of lignin transformation in polyoxometalate (POM) bleaching of kraft pulp.
• Yokoyama, Tomoya; Chang, Hou-min; Reiner, Richard S.; Atalla, Raja H.; Weinstock, Ira A.; Kadla, John F. 2004. Polyoxometalate oxidation of non-phenolic lignin subunits in water : effect of substrate structure on reaction kinetics.
• Yokoyama, Tomoya; Chang, Hou-min; Weinstock, Ira A.; Reiner, Richard S.; Kadla, John F. 2003. Kinetic analysis of polyoxometalate (POM) oxidation of non-phenolic lignin model compound.
• Springer, Edward L.; Atalla, Rajai H.; Reiner, Richard S. 2002. Potential sulfur-free pulping methods.
• Weinstock, Ira A.; Barbuzzi, Elena M. G.; Wemple, Michael W.; Cowan, Jennifer J.; Reiner, Richard S.; Sonnen, Dan M.; Heintz, Robert A.; Bond, James S.; Hill, Craig L. 2001. Equilibrating metal-oxide cluster ensembles for oxidation reactions using oxygen in water.
• Atalla, R. H.; Weinstock, L. A.; Reiner, R. S.; Houtman, C. J.; Reichel, S.; Hill, C. G.; Hill, C. L. 1999. Recent advances in polyoxometalate based delignification.
• Springer, Edward L.; Reiner, Richard S.; Weinstock, Ira A.; Atalla, Rajai H.; Wemple, Michael W.; Barbuzzi, Elena M. G. 1998. Delignification of wood and kraft pulp with polyoxometalates.

Research Highlights

Highlight	Title	Year
FPL-2015-180	Cellulose Nanocrystals Chemically Entrap Biocide in Wood Can cellulose nanomaterials play a role in the development of novel preservatives to protect wood products from biodeterioration?	2015