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General Technical Report

Title: Proceedings of the sudden oak death second science symposium: the state of our knowledge

Author: Frankel, Susan J.; Shea, Patrick J.; Haverty, Michael I., tech. coord.

Date: 2006

Source: Gen. Tech. Rep. PSW-GTR-196. Albany, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station; 571 p.

Station ID: GTR-PSW-196

Description: The Sudden Oak Death Second Science Symposium provided a forum for current research on sudden oak death, caused by the exotic, quarantine pathogen, Phytophthora ramorum. Ninety papers and forty-six posters on the following sudden oak death/P. ramorum topics are included: biology, genetics, nursery and wildland management, monitoring, ecology, and diagnostics. Several papers on P. kernoviae and other forest Phytophthora species are also presented.

Key Words: sudden oak death, Phytophthora ramorum, invasive species, tanoak, coast live oak

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Contents

Front Matter 436 KB

Keynote Address and Overview

Keynote 28 KB
Representative Lynn Woolsey, California 6th Congressional District

USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station Sudden Oak Death Program: 2001-2005 104 KB
Patrick J. Shea

Understanding Sudden Oak Death: A Model of Partnership and Collaboration 122 KB
Jimmy L Reaves

History and Background of the California Oak Mortality Task Force (COMTF) 221 KB
Mark R. Stanley

Research on the Epidemiology, Ecology and Management of Phytophthora ramorum in California forests 36 KB
David M. Rizzo

Epidemiology of Phytophthora ramorum in Oregon 20 KB
E.M. Hansen, A Kanaskie, E.M. Goheen, N. Osterbauer, and W. Sutton

Sudden Oak Death: Recent Developments on Trees in Europe 28 KB
Clive Brasier, Sandra Denman, Joan Webber, and Anna Brown

Phytophthora ramorum in Nurseries

Review of Phytophthora ramorum in Europe and North American Nurseries 24 KB
Janice Alexander

Phytophthora ramorum–Economic Impacts and Challenges for the Nursery Industry 28 KB
Karen Suslow

APHIS Phytophthora ramorum Regulatory Strategy for Nurseries 20 KB
Jonathan M Jones

Update on Diagnostics for Phytophthora ramorum 24 KB
Philip Berger

Update on European Union and United Kingdom Legislation for Phytophthora ramorum 20 KB
Stephen Hunter

Biology I

Phytophthora Species Associated With Forest Soils in Central and Eastern U.S. Oak Ecosystems 1.3 MB
Y. Balci, S. Balci, J. Eggers, W.L. Macdonald, K.W. Gottschalk, J. Juzwik, and R. Long

The Effects for Girdling on the Ectomycorrhizal Fungal Community Associated With Tanok (Lithocarpus densiflorus) 16 KB
Sarah Bergemann, Nicholas Kordesch, Matteo Garbelotto, and Timothy Metz

Phytophthora Species From Oak and Tanoak Forests in California and Oregon 1 MB Everett Hansen, David Rizzo, and Matteo Garbelotto

Isolation and Characterization of Phytotoxins Secreted by Phytophthora ramorum 16 KB
Daniel K. Manter, Rick G. Kelsey, and Joseph J. Karchesy

Incidence of Phytophthora ramorum, P. nemorosa and P. pseudosyringae in Three Coastal California Forest Communities 32 KB
Shannon K. Murphy and David M. Rizzo

Ecology of Phytophthora nemorosa and Phytophthora pseudosyringae in Mixed-Evergreen Forests 36 KB
Allison C.Wickland and David M. Rizzo

Susceptibility of Conifer Shoots to Infection by Phytophthora ramorum 16 KB
G.A. Chastagner, E.M. Hansen, K.L. Riley, and W. Sutton

Susceptibility Levels of Rhododendron Species and Hybrids to Phytophthora ramorum 28 KB
Isabelle De Dobbelaere, Kurt Heungens, and Martine Maes

Variation in Phenotype for Resistance to Phytophthora ramorum, in a Range of Species and Cultivars
of the Genus Viburnum  52 KB
Niklaus J. Grunwald, E. Anne Davis, and Robert G. Linderman

Variation in Susceptibility of Umbellularia californica (Bay Laurel) to Phytophthora ramorum 548 KB
Matthew Meshriy, Daniel Hüberli, Tamar Harnik, Lori Miles, Keefe Reuther, and Matteo Garbelottor

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of Oak Trees Infected With Phytophthora ramorum to Determine Potential Avenues of Infection in Bark 1.4. MB
Edwin R. Florance

Adaptive Differences Between Phytophthora ramorum Isolates From Europe and North America: Evidence for Separate Subspecies? 32 KB
Clive Brasier, Susan Kirk, and Joan Rose

Distribution and Etiology of Aerial Stem Infections of Phytophthora ramorum and Phytophthora kernoviae at Three Woodland Sites in the U.K. 32 KB
Anna Brown, Clive Brasier, Sandra Denman, Joan Rose, Susan Kirk, and Joan Webber

Comparative Host Range and Aggressiveness of Phytophthora ramorum and Phytophthora kernoviae sp. nov. on North American and European Trees 548 KB
Clive Brasier, Joan Rose, Susan Kirk, Sandra Denman, and Joan Webber

The Search for the Origin of Phytophthora ramorum: A First Look in Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China 28 KB
Ellen Michaels Goheen, Thomas L. Kubisiak, and Wenxia Zhao

Genetics

Does Stand Density Affect Mating System and Population Genetic Structure in Coast Live Oak 20 KB
Kathryn Beals and Richard S. Dodd

Genetic Hitch-Hiking Extends the Range of Coast Live Oak 24 KB
Richard S. Dodd, Zara Afzal-Rafii, and Wasima Mayer

Seasonal Trends in Response to Inoculation of Coast Live Oak With Phytophthora ramorum 28 KB
Richard S. Dodd, Daniel Hüberli, Tamar Y. Harnik, Brenda O'Dell, and Matteo Garbelott

Potential for Sexual Reproduction of Phytophthora ramorum in Washington State Nurseries 56 KB
Matteo Garbelotto, Kelly Ivors, Daniel Hüberli, Peter Bonants, and Art Wagner

Phenotypic Variation Among Phytophthora ramorum Isolates From California and Oregon 56 KB
Daniel Hüberli, Tamar Harnik, Mathew Meshriy, Lori Miles, and Matteo Garbelotto

Molecular Identification and Detection of Phytophthora ramorum 32 KB
Peter Bonants, Els Verstappen, Ineke de Vries, Katarzyna Wiejacha, and Kelly Ivors

Molecular Detection of Phytophthora ramorum by Real-Time PCR Using Taqman, SYBR® Green and Molecular Beacons With Three Gene 24 KB
G.J. Bilodeau, C.A. Lévesque, A.W.A.M. de Cock, C. Duchaine, G. Kristjansson, and R.C. Hamelin

Using Single Strand Conformational Polymorphisms (SSCP) to Identify Phytophthora Species in Oregon Forests Affected by Sudden Oak Death 20 KB
E. Hansen, C. Hesse, P. Reeser, W. Sutton, and L. Winton

Application of Rapid Onsite PCR (Taq Man®) for Phytophthora ramorum Under U.S. Conditions28 KB
Kelvin Hughes, Jenny Tomlinson, Neil Boonham, Kelly Ivors, Matteo Garbelotto, and Ian Barker

Use of Microsatellite Markers Derived From Whole Genome Sequence Data for Identifying Polymorphism in Phytophthora ramorum 20 KB
Kelly Ivors, Matteo Garbelotto, Ineke de Vries, and Peter Bonants

Single-Strand Conformational Polymorphism Analysis of Ribosomal DNA for Detection of Phytophthora ramorum Directly From Plant Tissues 20 KB
Ping Kong, Patricia A. Richardson, Chuanxue Hong, and Thomas L. Kubisiak

AFLP Analysis of Phytophthora nemorosa and P. pseudosyringae Genetic Structure in North America 28 KB
Rachel Linzer, David Rizzo, and Matteo Garbelotto

Molecular Markers for Identification of P. ramorum and Other Phytophthora Species From Diseased Tissue 24 KB
Frank N. Martin and Paul W. Tooley

Genome Sequence of Phytophthora ramorum : Implications for Management 32 KB
Brett Tyler, Sucheta Tripathy, Nik Grunwald, Kurt Lamour, Kelly Ivors, Matteo Garbelotto, Daniel Rokhsar, Nik Putnam, Igor Grigoriev, and Jeffrey Boore

Biology II

The Importance of Humans in the Dispersal and Spread of Phytophthora ramorum at Local, Landscape, and Regional Scales 44 KB
J. Hall Cushman and Ross Meentemeyer

Summer Survival of Phytophthora ramorum in Forest Soils 44 KB
Elizabeth J. Fichtner, Shannon C. Lynch, and David M. Rizzo

Monitoring of Natural Outbreaks of Phytophthora ramorum in the United Kingdom 24 KB
Judith Turner, Alex Appiah, Philip Jennings, Gilli Humphries, Debbie Liddell, Sam McDonough, Jackie Stonehouse, David Lockley, and Stephen Eales

Examining the Relationship Between Fire History and Sudden Oak Death Patterns: A Case Study in Sonoma County 132 KB
Max A. Moritz and Dennis C. Odion

Forecasting the Future of Coast Live Oak Forests in the Face of Sudden Oak Death 28 KB
Letty B. Brown and Barbara Allen-Diaz

Etiology and Evidence of Systemic Acidification in SOD-Affected Forests of California 16 KB
Lee Klinger and Ralph Zingaro

Progress Report on the Evaluation of the Susceptibility of the Holm Oak (Quercus ilex) Forest Ecosystem to Phytophthora ramorum 28 KB
Eduardo Moralejo and Enrique Descalsi

A Spatial Analysis of Phytophthora ramorum Symptom Spread Using Second-Order Point Pattern and GIS-Based Analyses 16 KB
Mark Spencer and Kevin O'Hara

Residual Tree Response to Tanoak Decline in California 20 KB
Kristen M. Waring and Kevin L. O'Hara

SOD-Induced Changes in Foraging and Nesting Behavior of Insectivorous, Cavity-Nesting Birds 16 KB
Kyle Apigian and Barbara Allen-Diaz

Patterns of Tanoak Acorn Production in Phytophthora ramorum Infested and Uninfested Stands in Big Sur, California, With Insights From Girdled Tanoaks 20 KB
Leila Hadj-Chikh, Kerri Frangioso, Keyt Fischer, Sarah Bergemann, and Ebba Peterson

Potential Effects of Sudden Oak Death on the Oak Woodland Bird Community of Coastal California 252 KB
William B. Monahan and Walter D. Koenig

Vegetation and Small Vertebrates of Oak Woodlands at Low and High Risk for Sudden Oak Death in San Luis Obispo County, California 548 KB
Douglas J. Tempel, William D. Tietje, and Donald E. Winslow

Potenital Effects of Sudden Oak Death on Small Mammals and Herpetofauna in Coast Live Oak (Quercus agrifolia) Woodlands 48 KB
Douglas J. Tempel and William D. Tietje

Management

Effectiveness of Fungicides in Protecting Douglas-fir Shoots From Infection by Phytophthora ramorum  16 KB
G.A. Chastagner, E.M. Hansen, K.L. Riley, and W. Sutton

Fungicide Control of Phytophthora ramorum on Rhododendron 136 KB
Kurt Heungens, Isabelle De Dobbelaere, and Martine Maes

Effects of Phosphonate Treatments on the Growth of Phytophthora ramorum in Tanoak Stems 24K
Alan Kanaskie, Everett Hansen, and Wendy Sutton

Effects of Phosphonate Treatments on Sudden Oak Death in Tanoak and Shreve's Oak 16 KB
Doug Schmidt, Matteo Garbelotto, Dave Chambers, and Steve Tjosvold

Evaluation of Chemical and Biological Agents for Control of Phytophthora Species on Intact Plants or Detached Leaves of Rhododendron and Lilac 52 KB
R.G. Linderman and E.A. Davis

Evaluation of Fungicides for the Control of Phytophthora ramorum Infecting Rhododendron, Camellia, Viburnum, and Pieris 24 KB
S.A. Tjosvold, D.L. Chambers, and S. Koike

Chemical Control of Phytophthora ramorum Causing Foliar Disease in Hardy Nursery Stock in the United Kingdom 20 KB
Judith Turner, Philip Jennings, Sam McDonough, Debbie Liddell, and Jackie Stonehouse

Phytophthora ramorum Infection in Coast Live Oaks and Shreve's Oaks Treated With Insecticide to Prevent Beetle Colonization 64 KB
Brice A. McPherson, David L. Wood, David M. Rizzo, Pavel Svihra, Steve Tjosvold, Andrew J. Storer, and Richard B. Standiford

Effects of Sanitary Measures on the Survival of Phytophthora ramorum in Soil 52 KB
M.M. Aveskamp, P.J.M. van Baal, and J. de Gruyter

Thwarting Phytophthora ramorum: A Proposed Disease Cycle With Mitigation Measures 304 KB
Betsy Randall-Schadel and Scott Redlin

Introduction of Filtration Systems in Container Nurseries for Nonchemical Elimination of Phytophthora spp. From Irrigation Water 60 KB
Thorsten Ufer, Heinrich Beltz, Thomas Brand, Katrin Kaminski, Ralf Lüttmann, Martin Posner, Stefan Wagner, Sabine Werres, and Hans-Peter Wessels

Phytophthora ramorum Disease Transmission From Artificially Infested Potting Media 28 KB
Jennifer L. Parke, Melody L. Roth, Carrie Lewis, and Caroline J. Choquette

Pathways of Infection for Phytophthora ramorum in Rhododendron 72 KB
Carrie D. Lewis and Jennifer L. Parke

Survival of Phytophthora Species and Other Pathogens in Soilless Media Components or Soil and Their Eradication With Aerated Steam 48 KB
R.G. Linderman and E.A. Davis

Ecology and Monitoring

Potential Effects of Sudden Oak Death on Birds in Coastal Oak Woodlands 1.2 MB
Donald E. Winslow and William D. Tietje

Climate-Host Mapping of Phytophthora ramorum, Causal Agent of Sudden Oak Death 1.7 MB
Glenn Fowler, Roger Magarey, and Manuel Colunga

Modeling Risk for SOD Nationwide: What Are the Effects of Model Choice on Risk Prediction 1 MB
M. Kelly, D. Shaari, Q. Guo, and D. Liu

Aerial and Ground Surveys for Mapping the Distribution of Phytophthora ramorum in California 516 KB
Jeffrey A. Mai, Walter Mark, Lisa Fischer, and Amy Jirka

Early Detection Monitoring of Phytophthora ramorum in High-Risk Forests of California 96 KB
Ross Meentemeyer, Elizabeth Lotz, David M. Rizzo, Kelly Buja, and Walter Mark

Phytophthora ramorum Detection Surveys for Forests in the United States 24 KB
S.W. Oak, W.D. Smith, and B.M. Tkacz

Phytophthora ramorum Experience and Approach in the Netherlands 32 KB
M.H.C.G. Steeghs and J. de Gruyter

Pre-epidemic Mortality Rates for Common Phytophthora ramorum Host Tree Species in California 156 KB
T.M. Barrett

Sudden Oak Death Disease Progression in Oaks and Tanoaks 100 KB
Brice A. McPherson, Sylvia R. Mori, David L. Wood, Andrew J. Storer, Pavel Svihra, N. Maggi Kelly, and Richard B. Standiford

Disease Risk Factors and Disease Progress in Coast Live Oak and Tanoak Affected by Phytophthora ramorum Canker (Sudden Oak Death) 588 KB
Tedmund J. Swiecki and Elizabeth Bernhardt

Surveying and Monitoring Sudden Oak Death in Southwest Oregon Forests 40 KB
Ellen Michaels Goheen, Alan Kanaskie, Mike McWilliams, Everett Hansen, Wendy Sutton, and Nancy Osterbauer

Management II

The Response of Saprotrophic Beetles to Coast Live Oaks Infected With Phytophthora ramorum 48 K
Brice A. McPherson, Nadir Erbilgin, David L. Wood, Pavel Svihra, Andrew J. Storer, and Richard B. Standiford

Chemical Ecology of Sudden Oak Death/Ambrosia Beetle Interactions 64 KB
Frances S. Ockels, Pierluigi Bonello, Brice McPherson, and David L. Wood

Relationships Between Phytophthora ramorum Canker (Sudden Oak Death) and Failure Potential in Coast Live Oak 320 KB
Tedmund J. Swiecki, Elizabeth Bernhardt, Christiana Drake, and Laurence R. Costello

The Current Situation With Phytophthora ramorum in England and Wales 32 KB
David Slawson, Lynne Bennett, Nicola Parry, and Charles Lane

Epidemiology of Phytophthora ramorum, Infecting Rhododendrons Under Simulated Nursery Conditions 84 KB
S.A. Tjosvold, D.L. Chambers, S. Koike, and E. Fichtner

Converting Biology Into Regulations: U.S. Phytophthora ramorum Quarantine as a Case Study 16 KB
Susan J . Frankel and Steven W. Oak

Who Pays for Sudden Oak Death? An Economic Investigation of the Impact of an Emerging Pathogen on California Nurseries 20 KB
J.K. Gilless, J. Tack, and A. Peterson Zwane

Understanding the Disposal and Utilization Options for Phytophthora ramorum Infested Wood 156 KB
John Shelly, Ramnik Singh, Christine Langford, and Tad Mason

Extended Abstract on the Potential for Phytophthora ramorum to Infest Finished Compost 32 KB
Steven Swain and Matteo Garbelotto

Ecological Evidence of Intensive Cultivation of Oaks by California Indians: Implications for the Treatment of Sudden Oak Death 20 KB
Lee Klinger

Eradication of Phytophthora ramorum in Oregon Forests–Status After 3 Years 20 KB
Alan Kanaskie, Nancy Osterbauer, Michael McWilliams, Ellen Goheen, Everett Hansen, and Wendy Sutton

Posters

Trace Forward, Perimeter, and National Nursery Surveys for Phytophthora ramorum in Texas 20 KB
D.N. Appel, T. Kurdyla, R.F. Billings, K.S. Camilli, and A. Purdy

Small Mammal and Herpetofaunal Abundancy and Diversity Along a Gradient of Sudden Oak Death Infection 16 KB
Kyle Apigian, Letty Brown, Jenny Loda, Sarah Toas, and Barbara Allen-Diaz

Pacific Yew as a Host for Phytophthora ramorum in California Forests 16 KB
J.C. Bienapfl, J.W. Zanzot, and D.M. Rizzo

First Report of Pyracantha koidzumii as a Host for Phytophthora ramorum 36 KB
Stephan C. Briere, Sarah Llewellyn, and Gary Kristjansson

Predicting the Potential for Establishment of Phytophthora ramorum in the Oak Forests of the North Central States, USA 52 KB
S.D. Cohen and R.C. Venette

Mechanisms Underlying Differences in Inoculum Production by Phytophthora ramorum in Mixed-Evergreen Versus Tanoak-Redwood Forest in California 28 KB
Jennifer M. Davidson, Elizabeth J. Fichtner, Heather A. Patterson, Kristin R. Falk, and David M. Rizzo

Detection and Distribution of Phytophthora ramorum in Soils 548 KB
Elizabeth J. Fichtner, Shannon C. Lynch, and David M. Rizzo

Progress Toward the Development of a Model to Quantify the Efficacy of Detection Strategies for Phytophthora ramorum 20 KB
Yashika Forrester, Betsy Randall-Schadel, Allan Hogue, David Oryang, and Robert McDowell

A Case Study to Evaluate Ground-Based, Wildland Survey Methods for Phytophthora ramorum in Coast Live Oak Stands in California 236 KB
Susan J. Frankel, Sylvia Mori, Janice Alexander, Don Owen, Jennifer Davidson, and David M. Rizzo

Addressing Phytophthora ramorum in California: Programs of the USDA Forest Service and California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection 36 KB
Susan J. Frankel and Mark Stanley

Anatomical Examination of Phytophthora ramorum Infection in Camellia 20 KB
Elizabeth Geltz, Jessica McHugh, Lisa Baird, Sibdas Ghosh, Peter Thut, and Mietek Kolipinski

Application of Fungicides to Protect Four Hosts From Foliar Infection by Phytophthora ramorumin Curry County, Oregon 20 KB
Ellen Michaels Goheen, Alan Kanaskie, Jennifer Parke, Melody Roth, Nancy Osterbauer, and Aaron Trippe

Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Assessment of Population Diversity in California Bay Laurel (Umbellularia californica) 20 KB
Sarah Gordon, Richard Whitkus, Ross Meentemeyer, and Brian Anacker

Persistence of Phytophthora ramorum After Eradication Efforts in Oregon Tanoak Forests 20 KB
E.M. Hansen and W. Sutton

Effect of Chemicals on Hyphal Growth, Sporangia Production and Zoospore Germination of Phytophthora ramorum 35 KB
Tamar Y. Harnik and Matteo Garbelotto

Quantitative Resistence to Phytophthora ramorum in Tanoak 20 KB
Katherine Hayden and Matteo Garbelotto

Distribution and Pathogencity of Phytophthora nemorosa and P. pseudosyringae in Coastal Forests of California 20 KB
Camille E. Jensen, Allison C. Wickland, and David M. Rizzo

Inoculation Trials With Phytophthora ramorum on Moorland Species 336 KB
Stefan Wagner, Katrin Kaminski, and Sabine Werres

Infectivity and Survival of Phytophthora ramorum in Recirculation Water 44 KB
Heinrich Beltz, Thomas Brand, Katrin Kaminski, Dankwart Seipp, Stefan Wagner, and Sabine Werres

Ectomycorrhizal Diversity Associated With Tanoaks (Lithocarpus densiflorus) 20 KB
Nicholas Kordesch, Sarah Bergemann, and Matteo Garbelotto

Epidemiological Aspects of Phytophthora ramorum in Redwood Forests of the Coast Range of California: A 3-Year Look 20 KB
Patricia E. Maloney, Shannon C. Lynch, and David M. Rizzo

Sensitivity and Specificity of Inspection and Testing Procedures for Phytophthora ramorum on Nursery Stock 548 KB
Robert McDowell, Betsy Randall-Schadel, and Shawn Robertson

Survival of Phytophthora ramorum in Tanoak and Rhododendron Leaves 32 KB
I. McLaughlin, W. Sutton, and E. Hansen

Multihyphal Structures Formed by Phytophthora ramorum on Inoculated Leaves of Mediterranean Shrubs 20 KB
Eduardo Moralejo and Enrique Descals

Monitoring Phytophthora ramorum Distribution in Streams Within Coastal California Watersheds 20 KB
Shannon K. Murphy, Chris Lee, John Bienapfl, Yana Valachovic, and David M. Rizzo

Monitoring of Phytophthora ramorum in the North Central United States 20 KB
Frances S. Ockels, Pierluigi Bonello, and Manfred Mielke

Genotyping Phytophthora ramorum Isolates From Nurseries in the United States Using PCR-RFLP and Microsatellite Analyses 32 KB
Rodrigo Olarte, Matteo Garbelotto, and Kelly Ivors

Surveying for Phytophthora ramorum in Urban and Wild Forests Throughout Western Oregon 20 KB
N. Osterbauer, A. Trippe, S. Suttle, M Boschee, A. Kanaskie, and L. Bauer

Detached-Leaf Assays With Phytophthora ramorum: Are They Valid? 20 KB
Jennifer L. Parke, Melody L. Roth, and Caroline J. Choquette

Low Genotypic Diversity of Phytophthora ramorum in North America Revealed by Microsatellite Markers 24 KB
S. Prospero, E.M. Hansen, and L.M. Winton

Nursery Cultural Practices and Physiological State of Nursery Stock on Susceptibility of Phytophthora Species, Including P. ramorum 36 KB
Steven J. Scheuerell, Robert G. Linderman, Niklaus J. Grunwald, and E. Anne Davis

Environmental Limits to Infection by Phytophthora ramorum in Tanoak and California Bay Laurel 20 KB
Lilly Schinsing, Katherine Hayden, and Matteo Garbelotto

Evaluating the Survival of Phytophthora ramorum in Firewood 20 KB
John Shelly, Ramnik Singh, Christine Langford, and Tad Mason

Development of Detection Methods for Phytophthora ramorum in Georgia 20 KB
Pauline Spaine, William Otrosina, and Stephen Fraedrich

Sudden Oak Death Bike Tire Scrubber 29 K

Peter Thut, Rocky Chavez, Desaree Williams, Sibdas Ghosh, Lisa Baird, Mietek Kolipinski, and Bruce Badzik

Phytophthora ramorum Research and Control in North Coastal California 24 KB
Yana Valachovic, Chris Lee, Dave Rizzo, Jack Marshall, John Bienapfl, and Shannon Murphy

Characterization of European and American Phytophthora ramorum Isolates Due to Their Morphology and Mating Behavior in vitro With Other Heterothallic Phytophthora Species 48 KB
Sabine Werres and Katrin Kaminski

Surveying for Phytophthora ramorum in Ornamental Nurseries, Home Landscapes, and Forests in Georgia, USA 28 KB
Jean L. Williams-Woodward

Plotless Evaluation of Phytophthora ramorum Incidence in Oaks and Tanoaks in Two Different Forest Types in California 44 KB
Brice A. McPherson, David L. Wood, N. Maggi Kelly, Andrew J. Storer, and Richard B. Standiford

Thwarting Phytophthora ramorum: An Interactive Poster on Breaking the Disease Cycle 32 KB
Betsy Randall-Schadel and Scott Redlin

Phytophthora ramorum on Calluna vulgaris, Photinia fraseri, and Pieris japonica in Poland 20 KB
Leszek B. Orlikowski, Aleksandra Trzewik, and Grazyna Szkuta

Comparative Evaluation of Real-Time PCR (TaqMan®) With Isolation for Diagnosis of Phytophthora ramorum 28 KB
Kelvin Hughes, Ruth Griffin, Jenny Tomlinson, Neil Boonham, Victoria Barton, Patricia Giltrap, Ellie Hobden, Lynn Walker, Gilli Humphries, Ann Barnes, Paul Beales, Alan Inman, and Charles Lane

Development of Molecular Diagnostics for Phytophthora kernoviae a New Phytophthora Threatening U.K. Trees, Woodlands, and Ornamental Plants 28 KB
Kelvin Hughes, Ruth Griffin, Neil Boonham, and Alan Inman

Isozyme Genotyping of Phytophthora ramorum Reveals Fixed Heterozygosity at Three Loci Suggesting a Hybrid Origin 24 KB
Willem A. Man in't Veld

The Effects of Sudden Oak Death on Wildlife–Can Anything Be Learned From the American Chestnut Blight? 20 KB
William D. Tietje, Donald E. Winslow, and Douglas J. Tempel

Elimination of Phytophthora ramorum in the Tunnel Composting Process 48 KB
Maikel Aveskamp and Johanneke Wingelaar

Index 18 KB

Citation

Frankel, Susan J.; Shea, Patrick J.; Haverty, Michael I., tech. coord.  2006.  Proceedings of the sudden oak death second science symposium: the state of our knowledge  Gen. Tech. Rep. PSW-GTR-196. Albany, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station; 571 p.