Natural Resources - Karst and Caves

Caves are features found in Karst terrain. Karst areas are regions where layers of water soluble rock, such as Limestone, Dolomite, or Gypsum are found. These rocks are dissolved by groundwater and typically have caves and sinkholes.

The Daniel Boone National Forest has approximately three zones where limestone comes to the surface and caves are found. There are an estimated 1,500 to 2,000 caves on National Forest System lands in Kentucky. Within the Proclamation Boundaries of this Forest there are an estimated 6,000 to 8,000 caves that the Forest Service may have to manage as they acquire lands in the boundaries.

Cave's Many Roles. Caves are a unique resource. The goal of cave management is to maintain and protect, to the extent possible, the natural processes and productivity of Karst landscape while providing for other uses where appropriate. Caves on public lands are managed for many uses. The Forest Service manages caves to maintain their geological, scenic, educational, cultural, biological, hydrological, paleontological, and recreational values. For example, the water in caves may flow through or recharge underground aquifers, sources for domestic and agricultural uses.

A Sensitive Environment. Caves are home to many aquatic species and bat populations. Many species are rare and depend on specific environmental conditions for breeding and hibernation. Wildlife and vegetation near cave entrances are adapted to their environment. Historic and prehistoric cultures and animals can be studied from caves. The air inside a cave is very stable and in some caves very dry. This creates a protective environment for fossils and prehistoric artifacts. Geologists can gain new insight into the history of the earth by studying cave rocks and minerals. Scientific studies discover the unique resources inside these underground passages. However, recreation constitutes the majority of cave use.

Cave Locations and Access. Please note that as of June 2009, caves closed to protect bats. The Forest Service does not regulate recreational caving on this Forest. However, the Forest Service recognizes that caves are a sensitive resource and must be protected. Caves can be locations of sensitive wildlife or cultural resources. In order to protect this valuable resource, the Forest Service does not release information about the locations of specific caves under Forest Service management. In the past, the release of cave site locations has resulted in overuse, vandalism, and accidents by inexperienced cavers.

Because of the fragmented ownership patterns, in eastern Kentucky, it may be hard to determine whether a cave is on state, federal, or private properly. Geological and topographical maps may be purchased that will help you with cave locations. Access to some caves may require crossing private land. Ask permission for the privilege to cross private land. Leave fence gates the way you found them. Avoid disturbing livestock, leave private buildings alone, and stay on established roads or trails. If you notice signs of vandalism, notify the landowners or land managers as soon as possible. On this Forest ten caves have been gated. This is done to protect threatened and endangered species. In addition, several caves have had seasonal or year-round closure signs placed in the entrance. Please respect and abide by these devices.

We hope the information we have provided will be helpful. If you would like to learn more about caves contact:

The National Speleological Society
2813 Cave Avenue
Huntsville, Alabama  358104
(205) 852-1300

Title: Cave Management
Last Updated: June 4, 2009