General Land Office (GLO) Survey Maps
1879 GLO Vegetation Map for Umatilla National Forest
The original public land survey for the Umatilla National Forest
was completed primarily between 1879 and 1887. Notes from these
General Land Office (GLO) surveys provide the earliest systematically
recorded information about tree species composition for national
forest system lands in the Blue Mountains of northeastern Oregon
and southeastern Washington. Notes from the public land surveys
(PLS) provide valuable information for an era predating widespread
settlement by Euro-American emigrants. Tree species and size,
along with distance and direction to the corner, were provided
for up to four bearing trees at each section corner, and for up
to two trees at each quarter-corner. This bearing-tree data was
analyzed to develop a map showing vegetation conditions on the
Umatilla NF for the 1879-1887 era.
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17"x22"
(3.52 mb)
Click on above graphic to open pdf file
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Ecological Systems are derived
from General Land Office survey notes completed primarily
between 1879 and 1887. Bearing tree information from section
corners and section quarter-corners were analyzed using geostatistical
techniques to spatially interpolate between corner and quarter-corner
points, and to determine presence and density of individual
tree species. Combinations of tree species were examined by
ecologists and converted into forest ecological systems.
Download: 1879_GLO_Vegetation_Map.pdf |
Umatilla Ecological Systems Description (2003)
Umatilla
Ecological Systems Description.pdf (303kb)
Using General Land Office Survey Notes to Characterize
Historical Vegetation Conditions for the Umatilla National Forest
(2008) GLO Description.pdf
(3.95 mb)
Poster describing in seven steps how the Umatilla GLO map was
prepared. Note: this map measures 34"x44" and requires
a plotter to produce a paper copy. GLO
Map Preparation Poster.pdf (2.08 mb)
Tree Species Maps. The tree species occurring
at section corners or quarter-corners were analyzed individually
(by species) during the cokriging and maximum entropy phases of
the map preparation process. This process generated maps for 18
individual tree and shrub species; these species maps are available
here as color PDF files in an 8½" × 11"
format.
Contact:
IMPORTANT NOTE: These historical documents
are in a .pdf file. Adobe Acrobat Reader is free!
To learn more about Adobe Acrobat or to download a copy of
the software, please follow the Steps to Downloading
the Free Acrobat Reader .
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