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Abstracts:
ALDOUS to BRIGHT - PAGE 1 OF 7
UMATILLA12
Aldous, A. E. 1914. Memorandum office report of
trip on Umatilla Forest, September 15 to 18, inclusive. Unpublished
typescript report obtained from the National Archives, College Park,
MD; record group 95. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture,
Forest Service. 18 p.
Abstract: This accession consists of a 13-page
report by Grazing Examiner A. E. Aldous, and two memoranda –
a 3-page memorandum (dated 2/1/1915) from an Acting Assistant
Forester (Chief) to the District (Regional) Forester in Portland,
and a two-page memo (dated 2/6/1915) from the District Forester
to Forest Supervisor Cryder in Heppner, Oregon. The report by
Aldous describes a 4-day examination that he completed during
September of 1914, when he visited areas near the Dixon Ranger
Station, Herron Ranger Station, Tupper Ranger Station, and Arbuckle
Mountain. It includes the following sections: itinerary; description;
grazing types; type 6 (conifer type); and grazing reconnaissance.
The author noted that “practically all of the more readily
accessible range on the Forest had been very heavily grazed for
years before the Forest was created. As a result, large areas
have been badly overgrazed. Included in these are the scab lands
described previously, and a large part of the open and scattering
yellow pine lands.” He also commented on forest conditions:
“throughout the conifer type there is ample reproduction
to more than replace the present stand of timber. The major part
of the reproduction has come in since the Forest has been protected
against fires. Several areas were noticed where the yellow pine
seedlings were so thick that it was almost impossible to ride
through them. Practically all of the stockmen were complaining
that the reproduction is coming in so thick on their allotments
that it is greatly decreasing the carrying capacity of the range.”
The report includes two excellent black-and-white photographs,
one showing a scabland area where the lava occupies less than
7/10 of the exposed surface cover, the other showing a scabland
where protection would not be advisable on account of the lava
occupying at least 8/10 of the exposed surface cover. The memoranda
summarize salient points from Aldous’ report and offer recommendations
about an appropriate response to it.
WENAHA1
Allen, E. T. 1906. Report on the Wenaha Forest
Reserve. Unpublished typescript report obtained from the National
Archives, College Park, MD; record group 95. Tacoma, WA: U.S. Department
of Agriculture, Forest Service. 40 p.
Abstract: After establishment of forest reserves
and national forests early in the twentieth century, inspections
were supposed to be made at regular intervals. Initially, they
were conducted by Forest Inspectors stationed at the District
(Regional) Offices. Later, that responsibility was transferred
to the Forest Supervisors, who were responsible for inspecting
their own Forest (see G. H. Cecil, 1910, “Memorandum regarding
Supervisor’s inspections” for more information). This
inspection report includes the following sections: timber sales;
grazing; planting; dendrology; claims and privileges; additions
and eliminations; personnel, equipment and protection; and miscellaneous
and concluding remarks. Allen offers some interesting insights
about forest ecology, as illustrated with this quote: “The
timbered area is gaining, rather than decreasing, and apparently
only the simplest precautions are needed to provide for restocking
cut over tracts, such as proper disposal of refuse protection
of small yellow pine, and, when possible, taking the latter species
chiefly from north and east slopes or flats. Generally it will
not be necessary to watch cutting methods very closely to insure
perpetuation of the forest, for it will be attained with ordinary
care.”
CUTOVER1
Ames, F. E. 1909. Record of cut-over areas. Memorandum
with SS file designation. [Portland, OR]: [U.S. Department of Agriculture,
Forest Service]. 3 p.
Abstract: This document is a fairly short memorandum
from F. E. Ames, Chief of Silviculture (for the Pacific Northwest
District?), to the forest officers. It was shown with an SS (Silvicultural
Studies?) file designation (District - Studies). The memo references
a May 20, 1907 memo regarding a “Record of Cut-over Areas”
form, as well as direction in the annual field program guidance
for September 1908. The primary purpose of the memo was to emphasize
that forest officers should be making better use of form 248 (Record
of Cut-over Areas) and to stress that all cut-over areas should
be examined at least once every three or four years. Although
the Forest Service had been in existence for only 2 years when
the 1907 memorandum was written, it was already apparent that
the District Office believed that forest officers were deficient
in their record keeping responsibilities, at least as far as timber
sale areas were concerned. Portions of the memo were designed
to convince the forest officers that record keeping was a good
idea and worth their valuable time. Ames also requested that forest
officers send copies of any completed Form 248s to him for his
files.
AMES1
Ames, F. E. 1910. The conduct of timber sales.
Unpublished typescript report obtained from the National Archives,
College Park, MD; record group 95. Portland, OR: U.S. Department
of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Pacific District. 17 p.
Abstract: This paper was delivered at the District
6 Supervisor’s Meeting on March 22, 1910. It describes the
early timber sale program on national forest lands of the Pacific
Northwest. The following topics are discussed: the place silviculture
occupies in national forest work, examination of timber for sale,
payment on the basis of an estimate, prices, cost data, and reports
of timber sold and cut.
WHITMAN17
Andrews, W. T. 1911. Proposed timber sale, Dry
Fork Clear Creek, application of Sumpter Timber and Lumber Company.
Unpublished typescript report obtained from the National Archives,
College Park, MD; record group 95 obtained from the National Archives,
College Park, MD; record group 95. [Place of publication unknown]:
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Whitman National
Forest. 36 p.
Abstract: This report describes a tract of
timber that was cruised and mapped by an intensive reconnaissance
crew comprised of students from forestry schools in the eastern
United States. After the Sumpter Timber and Lumber Company applied
for a timber sale in the area that had been cruised, namely the
Dry Fork Clear Creek drainage in the Whitman NF, the area was
inspected by Assistant District (Regional) Forester Ames and Lumberman
Andrews, who was presumably representing the applicant. Ames and
Andrews did not find the reconnaissance crew’s estimates
to be entirely satisfactory, so a hasty check of 34 of their acre-estimate
lines was made and it was decided that yellow pine volumes should
be increased by 12% and that the volume of other species should
be reduced by 14%. This report includes the following sections:
foreward; description of the tract; private interests; old cuttings;
topography; soil; reproduction; character and condition of the
forest; accessibility; general information; marking timber and
handling the sale; summary of the reconnaissance crew’s
estimate (detailed estimates, by 40s, of the surveyed portion
of the tract is provided in a series of tables); and an appendix.
Although this report does not include a map, it appears that the
examined area is now within the Malheur NF (Long Creek Ranger
District).
WHITMAN2
Andrews, W. T.; Merritt, Melvin L. 1910. Head watershed:
Middle Fork John Day River; Whitman National Forest, Oregon. Unpublished
typescript report obtained from the National Archives, College Park,
MD; record group 95. [Place of publication unknown]: [U.S. Department
of Agriculture, Forest Service]. 83 p.
Abstract: This report describes a timber sale
examination made in July and August of 1910 by a private lumberman
(W. T. Andrews) and a Forest Service Forest Assistant (Melvin
L. Merritt). The examination was made in the expectation that
either of two private timber companies, the Sumpter Lumber &
Timber Company of Baker City, Oregon or the Garrow and Bannon
Company of Sumpter, Oregon, would request a government timber
sale in a particular area of the Whitman National Forest. The
tract they examined was 27,622 acres about 5 miles from Austin,
Oregon, and included lands within the Squaw Creek, Idaho Creek,
and Summit Creek watersheds (referred to as blocks in the report).
All of the examined area is apparently located within the Malheur
NF at the present time. The report includes the following sections:
block descriptions, private and other related interests, old cuttings,
topography and surface characteristics, soils, character and condition
of the forests, reproduction, accessibility, additional information,
rules for marking and sale administration, and recommendations.
Appendix materials include large-format tables that show species
information (grouped by western yellow pine and other species)
for individual forties (forty-acre subdivisions of a section)
within each of the three blocks.
oregon lumber co.pdf
Anonymous. 1933. Pioneer eastern Oregon lumber
firm. The Timberman. 34(September): 48-49.
Abstract: The subtitle of this article is: David
Eccles cuts ties for Oregon short line in 1887 and founds Oregon
Lumber Company in 1889. This short article discusses how David
Eccles emigrated to eastern Oregon from Utah in 1887 and constructed
railroad tie mills at North Powder, 20 miles west of Baker City,
and at Pleasant Valley, 13 miles east of Baker City. His mills
manufactured the ties used for the Oregon Short Line railroad,
which was developed in northeastern Oregon as a connecting link
between the Union Pacific and Oregon-Washington Railroad and Navigation
Company lines. He built the first sawmill located at Baker City
in 1889, calling it the Oregon Lumber Company. At that time, he
purchased extensive tracts of private timberland, including a
large parcel on the Middle Fork of the John Day River. Eventually,
Eccles acquired or built other sawmills in the state, including
operations at Hood River and Ingles. He secured large holdings
around the base of Mount Hood and became well known for his "Mt.
Hood" Douglas-fir and hemlock lumber, and the "John
Day" ponderosa pine valued for its excellent quality and
texture.
declineoftheforests.pdf
Anonymous. 1945. Decline of the forests. Fortune.
31: 169-175.
Abstract: This interesting historical perspective
of forest management in the Pacific Northwest area of the United
States begins with this observation: "Loggers are cutting
the last virgin stands in the Northwest; soon they must slow down
to let growth catch up with depletion."
UMATILLA7
[Author unknown]. [Date unknown]. Analysis of Dayton
Working Circle, Umatilla National Forest. Unpublished typescript
report obtained from the National Archives, College Park, MD; record
group 95. [Place of publication unknown]: [U.S. Department of Agriculture,
Forest Service]. 15 p.
Abstract: This report includes the following
sections: introduction (purpose, data sources, previous cutting);
physiographic features (location, acreage, topography); forest
description (types, probable use of various species, tables of
volume and area); economic situation (towns and communities, wood-using
industries, transportation, labor situation, ownership problems,
private cutting practices); and plan of action (ultimate forest
boundary, ultimate circle boundary, sales policy, administrative
correlation). This report includes tables summarizing volumes
and acreages by block (this working circle included 2 blocks:
Walla Walla and Dayton).
COLVILLE1
[Author unknown]. [Date unknown]. Report upon the
proposed Colville Forest Reserve, Washington. Unpublished typescript
report obtained from the National Archives, College Park, MD; record
group 95. [Place of publication unknown]: [U.S. Department of Agriculture,
Bureau of Forestry]. 13 p.
Abstract: This short report covers the following
topics as they relate to the Colville Forest Reserve in northeastern
Washington: location; area; topography; climate; the forest; list
of woody species (trees, and shrubs); industries; mining; settlements;
roads and trails; lumbering; fires; sentiment; conclusions and
recommendations, and administration necessary.
WHITMAN14
Barnes, Ephraim. 1912. Report on insect infestation
control work conducted by the Bureau of Entomology and the Forest
Service, Whitman National Forest, spring of 1911. Unpublished typescript
report obtained from the National Archives, College Park, MD; record
group 95. [Place of publication unknown]: U.S. Department of Agriculture,
Forest Service, Whitman National Forest. 15 p.
Abstract: This report describes in detail an
insect control project that was conducted on and adjacent to the
Whitman National Forest during the spring of 1911. The project
was directed and managed by the Bureau of Entomology in cooperation
with the Forest Service, and involved a small degree of involvement
by private land owners in the infested area. Control operations
began on April 5th and ended on June 30th. The Bureau directed
the technical work of insect control and the method of selecting
and treating the trees. H. E. Burke, W. D. Edmonston, and W. B.
Turner were the Bureau agents with responsibility for the project;
Forest Supervisor Henry Ireland and Deputy Supervisor Ephraim
Barnes represented the Forest Service. It seems that Forest Ranger
R. E. Smith and Forest Assistant B. T. Harvey may have completed
some of the preliminary cruising work prior to initiation of the
control project. The Bureau’s men seemed to have no definite
plan of action for the control work and generally action was only
taken after suggestions from Mr. Ireland or the author. Much of
this report describes the problems inherent in a large project
in which the overall responsibility is shared by two different
agencies or entities. Logistical details, camp assignments, work
responsibilities, supervision, the handling of employees who were
incompetent or unsatisfactory for the control work, and so forth
are discussed in great detail. Some of the accounts are humorous,
such as the Bureau’s employment of a Mr. Farnum who, after
reporting to a work camp, promptly became lost in an open yellow
pine stand not 400 yards from camp. Another account describes
a Bureau employee who was finally able to wrangle a trip into
town (Baker City in this instance), ostensibly to get supplies,
but he actually spent the whole time drinking and drunk. Barnes
ends this report by stating that “these incidents which
have been cited are all either directly or indirectly the result
of an uncertain division of authority. There was no well defined
agreement as to just what the Bureau of Entomology’s representatives
should do and just what should be done by the Forest Service.
Therefore, from past experience it would not seem to be sound
business to undertake work of this nature on a large scale at
any future time.” The report is also accompanied by a three-page
memorandum dated February 24, 1912, from Forest Supervisor Henry
Ireland to the District Forester in Portland, Oregon; it summarizes
some of the findings from Barnes’ report while also providing
the Supervisor’s perspective on the inefficiencies of the
cooperative insect control project.
BARTRUM1
Bartrum, S. C. 1910. Fire protection on the national
forests: cooperation with states, counties, and organizations. Unpublished
typescript report obtained from the National Archives, College Park,
MD; record group 95. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture,
Forest Service, North Pacific District. 15 p.
Abstract: This paper was delivered at the District
6 Supervisor’s Meeting, held in Portland, Oregon on March
21-26, 1910. It discusses early fire protection efforts in the
Pacific Northwest region. The number and acreage of fires is described,
as is the value of timber lost to fires. This account provides
good insights into fire protection attitudes and policies near
the beginning of an era of widespread fire suppression.
Beckham 1995.pdf
Beckham, Stephen Dow. 1995. An interior empire:
historical overview of the Columbia Basin. Walla Walla, WA: U.S.
Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Eastside Ecosystem Management
Project. 144 p.
Abstract: This historical overview addresses
important historical themes influencing the interior Columbia
River basin, with sections covering Native Americans, exploration
and fur trade, missions, overland emigration, early federal Indian
policy, Euroamerican settlement, transportation, economic development,
federal projects, population, and conclusions.
Beckham_grande.pdf
Beckham, Stephen Dow. 1995. Grande Ronde River,
Oregon: river widths, vegetative environment, and conditions shaping
its condition, Imbler vicinity to headwaters. Unpublished report
submitted to Eastside Ecosystem Management Project. Lake Oswego,
OR: Stephen Dow Beckham. 85 p.
Abstract: This report describes historical conditions
associated with the Grande Ronde River in northeastern Oregon,
ranging from the river's headwaters in the Blue Mountains to the
vicinity of Imbler, Oregon. Although several historical sources
were used during its compilation (diaries of fur trappers and
overland travelers; newspaper accounts for the first decade of
the 1900s, and cadastral survey notes), it is based primarily
on an analysis of survey notes and maps prepared by the General
Land Office during establishment of the public land survey (townships,
ranges, sections) during the late 1800s (from 1863 to 1884). Since
land surveyors were required to record the river's width and course
whenever they crossed it while surveying exterior (township, range)
or interior (section) lines, the GLO survey notes were used to
examine the historical width of the river itself and its associated
floodplain. Survey notes also provide early records of vegetative
composition (species of trees and shrubs) found along the river's
edge for the presettlement era.
Beckham_tucannon.pdf
Beckham, Stephen Dow. 1995. Tucannon River, Washington:
river widths, vegetative environment, and conditions shaping its
condition, mouth to headwaters. Unpublished report submitted to
Eastside Ecosystem Management Project. Lake Oswego, OR: Stephen
Dow Beckham. 63 p.
Abstract: This report describes historical conditions
associated with the Tucannon River watershed in southeastern Oregon,
ranging from the river's headwaters in the Blue Mountains to its
confluence with the Snake River in southwestern Washington. Although
several historical sources were used during its compilation (including
diaries associated with early travels along the Nez Perce Trail
from the mouth of the Clearwater River west to the Walla Walla
River), it is based primarily on an analysis of survey notes and
maps prepared by the General Land Office during establishment
of the public land survey (townships, ranges, sections) during
the late 1800s (from 1864 to 1912). Since land surveyors were
required to record the river's width and course whenever they
crossed it while surveying exterior (township, range) or interior
(section) lines, the GLO survey notes were used to examine the
historical width of the river itself and its associated floodplain.
Survey notes also provide early records of vegetative composition
(species of trees and shrubs) found along the river's edge for
the presettlement era.
SowingSeed.pdf
Blake, Grover C. 1957. Sowing the seed. Timberlines.
10 (May Memoirs): 1-33.
Abstract: This interesting memoir recounts
experiences of the author while employed on national forests in
the Blue and Ochoco Mountains of northeastern Oregon. Blake started
on the Blue Mountains West National Forest in Prineville in 1909.
His accounts began before that, when he worked as a stock tender
in central Oregon, and end with his service on the Umatilla NF
(Pomeroy RD) in the late 1920s.
UMATILLA17
Booth, Robert W. 1963. 1928 burn reforestation
survey. Report Filed Under 2530 (2460) Designation. Heppner, OR:
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Umatilla National
Forest, Heppner Ranger District. 28 p.
Abstract: This report describes results from
a reforestation survey that examined approximately 28,000 acres
of the Heppner Ranger District burned by one or more wildfires
in 1928. Much of the area was burned by a surface fire that consumed
flashy fuels (grass and litter) and left most of the timber undamaged.
Reforestation efforts were not attempted on the portion of the
stand-replacing portion of the fires until 1949. At the time of
the reforestation survey in 1962, reforestation success ranged
from complete failure to moderate stocking. Plantations on north
aspects, particularly on slopes of 20 percent or greater, were
generally most successful; plantations on south slopes were failures
in most instances. Primary causes of reforestation failure were
drought, deer damage, domestic grazing, and competition from snowbrush
ceanothus and other plants. This report includes the following
sections: title and signature page; index (table of contents);
introduction; coordination with other uses; organization of the
survey; the survey; summary; recommendations; appendix: cost estimates;
large-scale map showing location of 1928 burn survey (Heppner-Big
Wall plantation P-5; Heppner-Big Wall plantation P-3 and P-4;
Heppner Kahler plantation P-2); two small-scale maps showing prioritized
reforestation treatment recommendations; 2 pages of black-and-white
prints (size: 3½” x 3½”) with captions
(a total of 7 prints); and an envelope containing a box of Ektachrome
duplicate slides (total of 15 slides).
BREWER.PDF
Brewer, William H. 1870. The woodlands and forest
systems of the United States. Washington, DC: Bureau of the Census.
16 p.
Abstract: This accession is a transcribed version
of a report prepared by William H. Brewer of New Haven, Conn.,
suggesting that perhaps he was a forestry professor or otherwise
associated with Yale University. The report was one of the subject-level
reports often included with published syntheses of the decennial
censuses for the United States. This particular report provides
a color map showing, in five degrees of density, the distribution
of woodland within the territory of the United States. Much of
the accompanying text explains the map and provides representative
or common species associated with each woodland area of the country.
The report begins by explaining that the scope of the mapping
is “woodland” because that is the term used for tree-covered
areas in the official census lexicon. The comments in this report
about the Blue Mountains area (which demonstrates that this portion
of Oregon and Washington was widely known by that name in 1870)
are very cursory: “the Blue Mountains of eastern Oregon
have heavy forests of pine, fir and spruce of the same species
found in the northern Rocky Mountains.” If available in
digital form suitable for use with a geographic information system,
the map showing five degrees of density (with density referring
to abundance, not to stand or tree density in the way that we
would use the term today) would be valuable for trend analysis.
WHITMAN1
Bright, George A. 1911. Annual silvical report.
Unpublished typescript report obtained from the National Archives,
College Park, MD; record group 95. Heppner, OR: U.S. Department
of Agriculture, Forest Service, Umatilla National Forest. 17 p.
Abstract: This report describes a study to
determine the important factors affecting western yellow (ponderosa)
pine regeneration. The material for this report was gathered during
the summer of 1910 on the Whitman National Forest, where the reproduction
of western yellow pine was excellent over most of the area. Bright
found that partial shade and protection from sun and wind is beneficial
to very young seedlings. Optimum growth of western yellow pine
was found on transition (mixed conifer) sites, where Bright measured
mature trees from 150 to 177 feet tall. Bright recommended that
regeneration cutting occur during winter after a good seed year,
and that slash be lopped and scattered, rather than burned, so
it could provide protection for seedlings. The surest method of
artificial reproduction was to plant 2 or 3-year old nursery stock,
especially on steep south or west slopes. Bright found sheep grazing
to be beneficial to regeneration as a site preparation and vegetation
control measure, although overgrazing was detrimental. The report
includes numerous tables showing the results of sample plots.
Bright recommends that 435 surviving seedlings are needed to assure
stand establishment, and his plots indicate that 62,000 seeds
would be needed to assure that 435 seedlings are established,
per acre.
OREGON1
Bright, G. A. 1912. A study of the growth of yellow
pine in Oregon. Unpublished typescript report obtained from the
National Archives, College Park, MD; record group 95. [Place of
publication unknown]: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service.
106 p.
Abstract: During 1910 and 1911, an extensive
study of western yellow pine was conducted throughout its range
in Oregon. This report, a compilation of the growth and yield
data from that study, was based on a very large number of measurements.
The report was not intended for publication in this form, but
was prepared as an office report to summarize and tabulate the
growth data that had been collected to that point. The data from
this and other office reports was eventually used to prepare an
important and influential government bulletin called “Western
yellow pine in Oregon” (see Munger 1917 for more information).
It includes many interesting conclusions, including the fact that
young trees were growing at the same rate as the old trees did
when they were young, demonstrating that virgin yellow pine forests
developed under similar structural and density regimes as the
sampled stands. The report also describes an interesting crown
space study in which it was attempted to show that a tree’s
growth rate increases in direct proportion to the amount of available
growing space. The report includes the following sections: organization
of party; region covered; tracts; occurrence of yellow pine; region
of gravelly or sandy soils; region of decomposed lava soils; comparison
of diameter growth for the various tracts; the Lapine first, Lapine
second, and Deschutes River diameter growth tables; Fort Klamath
growth tables; the Bend growth tables; the Sisters first and Sisters
second growth tables; the Odessa growth tables; the Embody growth
tables; the Whitney and Austin growth tables; Palmer Junction
growth tables; Parker’s Mill and Winlock growth tables;
the Ochoco Creek growth tables; Mill Creek growth tables; the
Metolius Creek growth tables; the Meadow Lake and Keno growth
tables; the Tamarack Creek growth tables; the Crystal Creek growth
tables; present and past rate of diameter growth of yellow pine
by age classes; increased growth due to unnatural causes; seedling
height growth; mean and current annual height growth; volume growth;
types of yellow pine forest (south slope, north slope, flat or
bench, juniper, and canyon); factors affecting growth (altitude,
soil, aspect, slope, competition with other trees); and summary.
This accession also includes three memoranda that are related
to the study or the report: a 3-pager dated April 27, 1912 from
the Acting District (Regional) Forester to the Forester (Chief)
in Washington; a 5-pager dated April 29, 1912 from the Assistant
District Forester to a Forest Supervisor; and a 1-pager to the
District Forester from the Assistant Forester (Chief) in Washington.
In the short memo from the Washington Office, the District Forester
is encouraged to consider conversion of many of the uneven-aged
stands of ponderosa pine to an even-aged structure, in light of
the species’ intolerance.
UMATILLA1
Bright, George A. 1913. Umatilla National Forest
annual silvical report: relative merits of western larch and Douglas
fir in the Blue Mountains, Oregon. Unpublished typescript report
obtained from the National Archives, College Park, MD; record group
95. [Place of publication unknown]: [U.S. Department of Agriculture,
Forest Service]. 16 p.
Abstract: This report deals with Douglas-fir
and western larch as they occur in the Blue Mountains of northeastern
Oregon, especially on the Umatilla and Whitman National Forests.
In that locality, they are the two species that were next in commercial
importance to western yellow (ponderosa) pine. Both western larch
and Douglas-fir had very little commercial use at the time this
report was written – the reason was not that the wood of
those species was bad, but that the wood of yellow pine, which
was abundant, is exceptionally good in quality. The report also
includes the following topics: technical qualities of larch, faults
of larch wood, longevity of larch, natural enemies of larch, management
of larch, technical qualities of Douglas-fir, forest types in
which Douglas-fir is found, resistance of Douglas-fir to insects
and diseases, management of Douglas-fir, growth and yield of Douglas-fir
and western larch trees and stands, and a summary.
BRIGHT REPORT
Bright, George A.; Powell, David C. (editor). 2008. An
extensive reconnaissance of the Wenaha National Forest in 1913.
Technical Publication F14-SO-06-08. Pendleton, OR: U.S. Department
of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Region, Umatilla
National Forest. 65 p.
Abstract: This document recreates an historically
valuable report prepared by George A. Bright in 1914. It describes
an extensive reconnaissance of the Wenaha National Forest completed
by Bright in 1913. In addition to narratives about the natural
resources, existing uses, and management opportunities of the
Forest, the report includes 42 photographs, many of which were
acquired by Martin N. Unser when he worked in the field with Bright
in 1913. Additional photographs were included by the editor: four
are recent retakes of Bright or Unser photographs from approximately
the same location as the original, and 13 are historical photographs
from the same era as the 1914 reconnaissance report. The original
report is reproduced in its entirety, with occasional comments
added by the editor.
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