| Species: | Acer glabrum douglasii |
| Common name and alpha code | Douglas or Rocky Mountain maple ACGLD4 |
| Propagation Method (Seed, Vegetative) | Seed 51 |
| Miscellaneous
|
Aceraceae; maple family Male and female flowers usually occur on separate trees. Due to its flexible stemsstems, it can withstand heavy snow pack and often codominates avalanche chutes. . 98 |
| TABLE: | SEED |
| Seeds/Lb. | 7,820-20,300; average 13,430
cleaned 129 29.6 seeds/gram 146 13,400 (Uchytil 1989) 98 13,000-20,000 191 |
| Germ % | 52%. Best at a constant 50-60oF.
Moist. Difficult to overcome dormancy. 139 16% 138 |
| Germ Test Amt | |
| Germ Test Cost | |
| Purity % | |
| Purity Test Amt | |
| Purity Test Cost | |
| Germination Pretreatment Requirement
|
Warm-cold stratification: 68-86oF
for 180 days, 37-41oF for 180 days. 129 In ref #139: Moist chill at 3-5oC for 2-6 months (Heit, 1968). Moist chill at 41oC for 90 days (Babb, 1959). Needs a long stratification period (Peterson, 1953). Moist chill December-March (Swingle, 1939). 180-day warm stratification followed by 180-day cold stratification gives a 25% germination rate in container seeding in a greenhouse. 98 Warm stratify 180 days, then cold stratify up to 180 days (varies for different seed lots so check stratified seed for pregermination). 191 Warm, moist stratification for 6 months, followed by cold-moist stratification for 6 months. 216138. Warm stratify 30-60 days at 68-86oF, cold stratify 90-180 days at 38oF. 192 |
| Seed Processing Needed e.g. Awns | Air dry samaras before storage. Freshly collected they have a moisture content from 30-160%. Moisture content of 10-15% recommended before storage. 129 |
| Storage Requirements |
Store seeds of most maple species
for 1-2 years in sealed containers at 35o to 41oF. 129 Duration of good viability: 1-2 yrs 139 Dry to 10-15% moisture content and store at 2-5oC in sealed containers. 98 Dry storage reduces viability; 15% moisture content recommended for 1-2 years at 1-5oC. 191 |
| Storage Length (Years) |
1-2 years 139, 191 |
| Maturity Date | Seed maturity Aug-Sept. 139 Seed retained on branches for weeks 138 Begins to produce seed as early as 10 years of age. Seed maturity Aug-early Oct. 98 Seed availability and collection: Sept-Feb; seed may slowly lose viability in dry winter conditions. 191 |
| Pollinators | |
| Seed Dispersal Mechanism | Wind 187. Wind, water. Fruit ripens Aug-Oct, seed disperses Sept-Feb. 129 |
| Breeding: self; Cross; Asexual Reproduction | |
| Disease Problems | |
| Insect Predation | |
| Hand Collection Methods, Problems and Cost/Lb.. | 1-3 year interval between large
seed crops . Pick from trees or shake trees and collect fruits
(samaras) on tarps. Remove debris by hand, screening, or fanning. Seeds are generally not
extracted from the fruits. 129 Keep seed from drying out. 138 Clean by hand rubbing or hammermilling of the wings and blowing off chaff. 98 |
| TABLE: | SEED INCREASE INFO |
| Sow Rate for Seed Increase Plantation, Lb./Acre | |
| 1st Year Yield, Lb./acre | |
| 2nd Year Yield, Lb./acre | |
| Field Life Span: Years | |
| Production Cost/Lb. | |
| Field Distance Requirements | |
| Sow Date | Fresh seed should be sown in fall. 134 |
| Miscellaneous Increase Info. | |
| TABLE: | VEGETATIVE PROPAGATION |
| Type of
Material (Age, Plant Part, Etc.) |
Vegetative propagation trials have not been successful (Kruckeberg 1982). 138 Seed propagation is currently the only successful method of propagation. 191 Fresh seed should be sown in fall. Cuttings grown in greenhouse conditions somewhat successful. 213134 |
| Size of Material to Collect | |
| Season of Collection | |
| Collection Method | |
| To Nursery: Storage and Shipping Requirements | |
| Nursery Stock Type and Size | |
| Miscellaneous Vegetative Propagation Info. | Rapid sprouting usually follows cutting. Cut stems have averaged 10 sprouts per stem within 3 years. Growth of sprouts averages 0.5-1.5 m/yr. and can reach 2.5 m/yr. on productive sites. Light fires promote sprouting 187. |
| TABLE: | NURSERY PRODUCTION (See also J. H. Stone Nursery Desk Guide, reference # 185) |
| Nursery Stock Type; Container Size | Container 51 |
| Cost/1,000 | |
| Number of Growing Seasons |
|
| Grow Specifications | |
| Miscellaneous
Nursery Production Info.
|
Stratified
maple seeds may be sown in the spring, but it is preferable to sow in the fall in mulched
beds. 15-30 seeds per square foot. Usually sown ¼-1" deep, broadcast or in drills.
Seedbeds may require treatment with repellents against birds and mice, and fungicides to
prevent damping off. Shade is recommended during seedling establishment. Sometimes planted
as 1-0 stock, but 2-0 or 2-2 stock may be needed. In general, the larger the planting
stock, the better the survival. 129 Plant stratified seed, with or without attached samaras, just below soil surface in flats. Transplant to one-gallon pots in peat/soil/perlite mix. Maples generally considered to be easily transplanted. 138 Seed can be sown by direct field planting in the fall. 98 Preferably fall sow outdoors 1.0-2.5 cm deep as soon as seed has ripened; seeds very palatable to rodents. If overcrowded, young seedlings may damp off; can be adversely affected by sudden introduction to strong sunlight; seedlings are large and under favorable conditions will grow rapidly in the first season; can be field grown and lifted as a bareroot when dormant; frost resistance is high. 191 Sow seeds soon after fall harvest in a rich sandy loam. Transplant seedlings to containers or nursery rows soon after the first leaves mature. 192 |
| TABLE: | HABITAT |
| Plant Association Groups
|
Habitat: along streams and moist sites 152 Dry to moist sites, often on rocky soils 187 Rocky slopes, understory or open canopy; ranges up to higher elevations than vine maple (collected at 6600 ft at Crater Lake NP, 3900 ft at Mt. Rainier NP). 138 Sheltered canyons, ravines, moist slopes and along streams. From southern Alaska to New Mexico. 98 Moist soils to well-drained thin gravelly soils, especially along canyons, rocky cliffs and mountain slopes in openings of coniferous forests 191 |
| Drought Tolerance | |
| Soil: Texture, Chemicals | Silty to sandy or gravelly and rocky well-drained soils. 98 |
| Soil Depth | |
| Ave. Precip. Needs | |
| Flooding or High Water Tolerance | |
| Soil Stabilization | Seeds itself in disturbed soil 187. |
| Palatability and Attractiveness to Animals; Response to Grazing | Important as winter forage for deer; moderately important in winter and spring for elk, moose, and bighorn sheep. 187 Poor palatability to livestock. 34 |
| Elevation Range | 1200-1800 m 98 |
| Competitiveness | Never becomes a strong competitor with conifer species as does vine maple 191 |
| Plasticity | |
| Root System: Rhizomes, Stolons, etc. | Mixture of deep and lateral roots for good anchorage 191 |
| Shade tolerance | Moderate 187 Prefers sunny habitats 191 Intolerant of shade 208 |
| TABLE: | CONSERVATION SOWING OR PLANTING ON N.F. SITES |
| WCF Cost/Lb. (1997) | |
| Sow Rate for Sowing on National Forest Sites, Lb./Acre | |
| Sowing Method and Date | |
| Planting Density, Spacing | |
| Planting Method and Date | |
| Animal Damage Control in Plantings | |
| Miscellaneous |