Selected References

FIELD GUIDE TO INSECTS AND DISEASES OF ARIZONA AND NEW MEXICO FORESTS
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  3. Beatty, J. 1979. Forest insect and disease conditions in the Southwest 1979. USDA Forest Service, Southwestern Region Publication 80-7, 29 p.
  4. Beckwith, Roy C. 1973. The large aspen tortrix. USDA Forest Service, Forest Pest Leaflet 139. 5 p.
  5. Blake, E. A., M. R. Wagner, and T. W. Koerber. 1985. Insects destructive to the ponderosa pine cone crops in northern Arizona. In: Proc. Conifer Tree Seed in the Inland Mountain West Symposium, Aug. 5-6, Missoula, MT. USDA Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 238-242.
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  20. Ferrell, G. T. 1986. Fir engraver. USDA Forest Service, Forest Insect and Disease Leaflet 13. 8 p.
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  22. Funk, A. 1985. Foliar Fungi of Western Trees. Canadian Forestry Service, Pacific Research Centre. 159 p.
  23. Furniss R. L. and V. M. Carolin. 1977. Western Forest Insects. USDA Forest Service, Miscellaneous Publication No. 1339. 654 p.
  24. Furniss R. L. and J. B. Johnson. 2002. Field Guide to the Bark Beetles of Idaho and Adjacent Regions. University of Idaho. 125 p.
  25. Geils, B. W., J. Cibrian Tovar, and B. Moody, tech. coords. 2002. Mistletoes of North American conifers. Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRS-GTR-98. Ogden, UT: USDA, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 123 p. [Graphic]: PDF icon
  26. Geils, B. W.; Conklin, D. A.; Van Arsdel, E. P. 1999. A preliminary hazard model of white pine blister rust for the Sacramento Ranger District, Lincoln National Forest. USDA Forest Service, RMRS-RN-6. 6 p. [Graphic]: PDF icon
  27. Gilbertson, R. L. 1974. Fungi That Decay Ponderosa Pine. Tucson: University of Arizona Press. 197 p.
  28. Gilbertson, R. L., and M. Rosemeyer. 1986. Comandra blister rust on Mondell pine in Arizona. Arizona Plant Pathology, Unnumbered Bulletin. Tucson, AZ; Dept. of Plant Pathology, University of Arizona. 3 p.
  29. Gilbertson, R. L., and L. Ryvarden. 1986. North American Polypores, Volume 1. Oslo: Fungiflora: 1 - 433.
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  32. Hagle, S. K., S. Tunnock, K. E. Gibson, and C. J. Gilligan. 1987. Field Guide to Diseases and Insect Pests of Idaho and Montana Forests. USDA Forest Service, Northern Region. 123 p.
  33. Hawksworth, F. G. 1961. Dwarf mistletoe of ponderosa pine in the Southwest. Tech. Bull. 1246. USDA, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 13 p.
  34. Hawksworth, F. G., and B. W. Geils. 1990. How long do mistletoe-infected ponderosa pines live? Western Journal of Applied Forestry. 5(2): 47-48.
  35. Hawksworth, F. G. and R. F. Scharpf. 1981. Phoradendron on conifers. USDA Forest Service, Forest Pest Leaflet 164. 7p.[Graphic]: PDF icon
  36. Hedlin, A. F., H. O. Yates, D. C. Tovar, B. H. Ebel, T.W. Koerber, and E. P. Merkel. 1980. Cone and Seed Insects of North American Conifers. Canadian Forestry Service. 122 p.
  37. Hessburg, P. F., D. J. Goheen, and R. V. Bega. 1995. Black stain root disease of conifers. Forest Insect and Disease Leaflet 145 (rev.). USDA Forest Service. 10 p.[Graphic]: PDF icon
  38. Hinds, T. E. 1985. Diseases. In: DeByle, N. V., Winokur, R. P., eds. Aspen: Ecology and Management in Western United States. Tech. Rep. RM-119. Fort Collins, CO: USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 87-106.
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  40. Holsten, E. H., P. E. Hennon, L. Trummer, and M. Schultz. 2001. Insects and Diseases of Alaskan Forests. USDA Forest Service, Alaska Region, R10-TP-87. 242 p.
  41. Holsten, E. H., R. W. Their, A. S. Munson, and K. E. Gibson. 1999. The spruce beetle. USDA Forest Service, Forest Insect & Disease Leaflet 127. 12 p.
  42. Itami, J. K. and T. P. Craig. 1989. Life history of Styloxus bicolor (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) on Juniperus monosperma in northern Arizona. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 82: 582-587.
  43. Jennings, D. T. and R. E. Stevens. 1982. Southwestern pine tip moth. USDA Forest Service, Forest Insect and Disease Leaflet 58. 7 p.
  44. Johnson, D. W., J. S. Beatty, and T. E. Hinds. 1995. Cankers on western quaking aspen. USDA Forest Service, Forest Pest Leaflet 152. 9 p.
  45. Johnson W. T. and H. H. Lyon, 1988. Insects that feed on trees and shrubs, 2nd ed. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY. 556 p.
  46. Kanaskie, A., J. Chetock, G. Irwin, D. Overhulser. 1990. Black bear damage to forest trees in northwest Oregon 1988-1989, Pest Management Report 90-1, Oregon Department of Forestry, Salem, OR.
  47. Keen, F. P. 1958. Cone and seed insects of western forest trees. USDA Forest Service, California Forest and Range Exp. Stn. Tech. Bull. 1169. 169 p.
  48. Kegley, S. J., R. L. Livingston, and K. E. Gibson. 1997. Pine engraver, Ips pini (Say), in the western United States. USDA Forest Service, Forest Insect and Disease Leaflet 122. 7 p.
  49. Kimball, B. A., D. L. Nolte, D. L. Griffin, S. M. Dutton and S. Ferguson. 1998. Impacts of live canopy pruning on the chemical constituents of Douglas-fir vascular tissues: implications for black bear tree selection. Forest Ecology and Management. 109(1-3):51-56.
  50. Linnane, J. P., comp. 1984. Annual Southwestern Region pest conditions report-1983. USDA Forest Service, Southwestern Region. Albuquerque, NM. R3 84-13. 13 p.
  51. Lightle, P. C. and S. R. Andrews. 1968. Red rot in residual ponderosa pine stands on the Navajo Indian Reservation. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. Res. Pap. RM-37. 12 p.
  52. Livingston, R. L. 1979. The pine engraver beetle in Idaho, life history, habits and management recommendations. Idaho Department of Lands, Forest Insect and Disease Control Report 79-3. 7 p.
  53. Livingston, W. H., A. C. Mangini, H. G. Kinzer, and M. E. Mielke. 1983. Association of root diseases and bark beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) with Pinus ponderosa in New Mexico. Plant Disease 67: 674-676.
  54. Lynch, A. M. 2003. Spruce aphid in high elevation habitats in the Southwest. p. 60-63. In: S. L. C. Gosbroke, K.W. Gottschalk, editors, Proceedings of the USDA interagency research forum on gypsy moth and other invasive species, 2002. USDA Forest Service, GTR-NE-300. [Graphic]: PDF icon
  55. Lynch, A. M. 2004. Fate and characteristics of Picea damaged by Elatobium abietinum (Walker) (Homoptera: Aphididae) in the White Mountains of Arizona. Western North American Naturalist. 7-17.
  56. Lynch, A. M. and Fitzgibbon, R. A. 2005. Biology and impact of Nepytia janetae in spruce-fir forests in Arizona, USA, submitted for publication.
  57. Lynch, A. M., J. L. Wilson, and M. S. Frank. In press. Elatobium abietinum (Walker) populations reach epidemic levels on Picea engelmannii Parry in the interior southwestern United States. Journal of Agricultural and Forest Entomology.
  58. Maffei, H., and J. Beatty. 1988. Changes in the incidence of dwarf mistletoe over 30 years in the Southwest. Van der Kamp, B. J. ed., Proceedings 36th Western International Forest Disease Work Conference; 1988 September 19-23; Park City, UT. Vancouver, BC: University of British Columbia: 88-90.
  59. Maijala, P., T. C. Harrington, and M. Raudaskoski. 2003. A peroxidase gene family and gene tree in Heterobasidion and related genera. Mycologia 95:209-221.
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  61. Massey, C. L., and D. L. Parker. 1981. Arizona five-spined ips. USDA Forest Service, Forest Insect and Disease Leaflet 116. 6 p.[Graphic]: PDF icon
  62. McCambridge, W. F. 1974. Pinyon needle scale. USDA Forest Service, Forest Insect and Disease Leaflet 148. 3 p.
  63. McGregor, M. D., and L. O. Sandin. 1969. Pinyon sawfly, Neodiprion edulicolis Ross. USDA Forest Service, Forest Insect and Disease Leaflet 117. 10 p. [Graphic]: PDF icon
  64. McMillin, J. D., K. E. Allen, D. F. Long, J. L. Harris and J. F. Negrón. 2003. Effects of western balsam bark beetle on spruce-fir forests of north-central Wyoming. Western Journal of Applied Forestry 18: 259-266.
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  66. McMillin, J. D., and M. R. Wagner. 1989. Assessing the impacts of foliage-feeding insects on timber and scenic beauty of ponderosa pine: a methodological approach. p. 51–59. In: (A. Tecle, W. W. Covington & R. H. Hamre, tech. coor.) Multiresource Management of Ponderosa Pine Forests. USDA Forest Service GTR RM–185.
  67. McMillin, J. D. and M. R. Wagner. 1993. Influence of stand characteristics and site quality on sawfly population dynamics. p. 333–361. In: (M. R. Wagner & K. F. Raffa, eds.) Sawfly Life History Adaptations to Woody Plants. Academic Press, Orlando, FL.
  68. McMillin, J. D. and M. R. Wagner. 1997. Chronic defoliation impacts pine sawfly (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae) performance and host plant quality. Oikos 79: 357–362.
  69. McMillin, J. D. and M. R. Wagner. 1998. Influence of host plant versus natural enemies on the spatial distribution of a pine sawfly, Neodiprion autumnalis (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae). Ecological Entomology 23: 397–408.
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  71. Millar, C. S. 1984. Lophodermella species on pines. p. 45-55. In: Recent Research on Conifer Needle Diseases. Ed. Glenn W. Peterson. USDA Forest Service, General Technical Report GTR-WO 50.
  72. Niwa, C G., R. E. Sandquist and 19 others. 2001. Invertebrates of the Columbia River basin assessment area. (T. M. Quigley, Ed.) Interior Columbia Basin Ecosystem Management Project: Scientific Assessment. USDA Forest Service, General Technical Report PNW-GTR-512, Portland, OR. 74 p. [Graphic]: PDF icon
  73. Otrosina, W. J.; Scharpf, R. F., technical coordinators. 1989. Proceedings of the Symposium on Research and Management of Annosus Root Disease (Heterobasidion annosum) in Western North America; April 18-21, 1989; Monterey, CA. Gen. Tech. Rep. PSW-116. Berkeley, CA: Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, USDA Forest Service. 177 p. [Graphic]: PDF icon
  74. Parker, D. L. 1980. Mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins, in ponderosa pine, Kaibab Plateau, Arizona. USDA Forest Service, Southwestern Region, Integrated Pest Management Guide 80-8. 12 p.
  75. Parker, D. L. 1991. Integrated pest management guide: Arizona five-spined ips, Ips lecontei Swaine, and pine engraver, Ips pini (Say), in ponderosa pine. USDA Forest Service, Southwestern Region, 91-8. 17 p.
  76. Parmeter, J. R., Jr. 1978. Forest stand dynamics and ecological factors in relation to dwarf mistletoe spread, impact, and control. p. 16-30. In: Proceedings of the Symposium on Dwarf Mistletoe Control Through Forest Management. Robert F. Scharpf and John R. Parmeter, Jr., Tech. Coords., April 11-13, 1978, Berkeley, CA: USDA Forest Service, General Technical Report PSW-31. 190 p.
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  78. Peterson, R. S. 1967. Studies of juniper rusts in the West. Madroño 19:79-91.
  79. Peterson, R. S. 1968. Limb rust of pine: the causal fungi. Phytopathology 58: 309-315.
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