Tongass National Forest
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Karst Ecosystems
Top of the Trail
This spectacular view of El Capitan Passage rewards visitors as they reach the platform just outside the cave. El Cap Passage is a protected saltwater passageway. Kosciusko Island lies across El Cap Passage. Riddled with many caves, this area is typical of low elevation karst landscapes.
Plants grow well in the nutrient-rich, well-drained soils of low elevation karst. Although the soil is only 1-2 inches deep, large trees can grow because the many bedrock fractures provide root holds. With their roots deeply wedged in limestone towering trees can withstand high winds. The roots also act as a dam to hold the organic soil on the surface of the rock.
Alpine karst (above 1,800 feet) has been likened to a lunar landscape. Trees are rare and deep shafts, crevasse-like fissures, and spires and spikes of all sizes characterize the surface. It is difficult, as well as dangerous to travel across.
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USDA Forest Service - Tongass National Forest Accessibility Statement
Last Modified: July 11, 2007