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Research Paper
Title: Growth and mortality of thinned knobcone × Monterey pine saplings affected by engraver beetles and a hard freeze
Author: Oliver, William W.
Date: 1979
Source: Res. Paper PSW-RP-139. Berkeley, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station. 9 p
Station ID: RP-PSW-139
Description: Mortality and diameter growth loss were severe on study plots in a thinned plantation of 9-year-old trees. California five-spined engravers killed 15 percent of the trees and a hard freeze killed 20 percent of the survivors. Mortality was higher and subsequent diameter growth was lower in trees with most of their needles freeze-killed than in trees less severely damaged in spite of occasional freeze damage at 3200 feet elevation, plantations of the hybrid can be successful if trees are closely spaced to provide for freeze mortality.
Key Words: Pinus attenuata × Pinus radiata, growth, mortality, thinning, Ips paraconfusus, freeze damage
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Citation
Oliver, William W. 1979. Growth and mortality of thinned knobcone × Monterey pine saplings affected by engraver beetles and a hard freeze Res. Paper PSW-RP-139. Berkeley, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station. 9 p