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Research Paper
Title: Western spruce budworm as related to stand characteristics in the bitterroot national forest
Author: Williams, Carroll B., Jr.; Shea, Patrick J.; Walton, Gerald S.
Date: 1971
Source: Res. Paper PSW-RP-072. Albany, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station; 13 p.
Station ID: RP-PSW-072
Description: Relation of population density to certain stand conditions and damage indicators was analyzed in four drainages on the Bitterroot National Forest of Montana. Western spruce budworm (Choristoneura occidentalis Freeman) populations were strongly related to plot basal area, tree species, and tree crown levels, and also to current and past levels of tree defoliation. Relatively open stands of thrifty trees are recommended, with logging of true fir and Douglas-fir to favor nonhost trees, to reduce vulnerability to excessive budworm damage.
Key Words: Choristoneura occidentalis, population dynamics, site factors, basal area, Pseudotsuga menziesii, Picea engelmannii, Abies spp., mortality, Bitterroot N. F.
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Citation
Williams, Carroll B., Jr.; Shea, Patrick J.; Walton, Gerald S. 1971. Western spruce budworm as related to stand characteristics in the bitterroot national forest Res. Paper PSW-RP-072. Albany, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station; 13 p.