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General Technical Report

Title: Proceedings of the International Symposium on Air Pollution and Climate Change Effects on Forest Ecosystems, February 5-9, 1996. Riverside, CA

Author: Bytnerowicz, Andrzej; Arbaugh, Michael J.; Schilling, Susan L., technical coordinators

Date: 1998

Source: Gen. Tech. Rep. PSW-GTR-166. Albany, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station. 332 p

Station ID: GTR-PSW-166

Description: Industrial air pollution has been identified as one of the primary causes of severe damage to forests of central Europe in the past 30 to 40 years. The mountain forest ecosystems have been affected considerably, resulting in extensive areas of severely deteriorated forest stands (e.g., the Krusne Hory of the Czech Republic or the Izerske and Sudety Mountains along the Polish and Czech border). In addition, the increase of motor vehicles in central Europe has caused a higher amount of nitrogen oxide and hydrocarbon emissions. Under particular weather conditions (high solar radiation, high temperatures, temperature inversions), these compounds may undergo complex chemical transformations resulting in the formation of photochemical smog and a buildup of potentially phytotoxic ozone concentrations. Ozone has already been responsible for injury to ponderosa pine stands in the San Bernardino Mountains in southern California and to forest vegetation in the eastern United States and western Europe. Elevated concentrations of nitrogenous components in photochemical smog and the emissions of ammonia from agricultural activities have caused eutrophication of natural ecosystems, including forests, both in Europe and North America. In addition, changing climatic factors, especially the amount of precipitation, temperature and solar radiation (including ultraviolet-B), modify responses of plants to air pollution, and must be considered when these effects are evaluated

Key Words: effects on forests, monitoring, nitrogen deposition, ozone, sulfur dioxide

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Front Matter

Front Matter, Table of Contents, and Preface 842 KB

Session I: Air Pollution/Climate Change Effects on Plants: General Topics

Biochemical Reactions of Ozone in Plants 179 KB
J. Brian Mudd

Oxidant Induced Alteration of Carbohydrate Production and Allocation in Plants 189 KB
Robert L. Heath

The Use of Plants as Bioindicators of Ozone 164 KB
William J. Manning

State of Polish Mountain Forests: Past, Present, and Future 350 KB
Krystyna Grodzinska and Grazyna Szarek-Lukaszewska

Ozone Injury Responses of Ponderosa and Jeffrey Pine in the Sierra Nevada and San Bernardino Mountains in California 216 KB
Paul Miller, Raleigh Guthrey, Susan Schilling, and John Carroll

Session II: Air Pollution Status of Forest Sites

Ozone Air Pollution in the Ukrainian Carpathian Mountains and Kiev Region 195 KB
Oleg Blum, Andrzej Bytnerowicz, William Manning, and Ludmila Popovicheva

Ozone Monitoring in the Krakow Province, Southern Poland 224 KB
Barbara Godzik

Ozone in the Upper Silesia Region–Concentration and Effects on Plants 168 KB
Stefan Godzik

Ozone Concentrations at the Bulgarian Govedartsi Ecosystem Site in Early Summer of 1994 and 1995 648 KB
Evgeny Donev, Karl Zeller, and Christo Bojinov

Ozone and Modeled Stomatal Conductance at a High Elevation Subalpine Site in Southeastern Wyoming 172 KB
Robert C. Musselman, Karl F. Zeller, and Nedialko T. Nikolov

Bulgarian Rila Mountain Forest Ecosystems Study Site: Site Description and SO₄²-, NO₃- Deposition 169 KB
Karl Zeller, Christo Bojinov, Evgeny Donev, and Nedialko Nikolov

Fire in Siberian Boreal Forests–Implications for Global Climate and Air Quality 175 KB
Susan G. Conard and Eduard P. Davidenko

Nutrient Fluxes in Forests of the Eastern Sierra Nevada: Comparisons with Humid Forest Systems 289 KB
Dale W. Johnson, Richard B. Susfalk, Randy A. Dalgren, Virginia Boucher, and Andrzej Bytnerowicz

Concentrations and Deposition of Nitrogenous Air Pollutants in a Ponderosa/Jeffrey Pine Canopy 317 KB
Andrzej Bytnerowicz, Mark E. Fenn, and Michael J. Arbaugh

Predicting Nitrogen Flux Along a Vertical Canopy Gradient in a Mixed Conifer Forest Stand of the San Bernardino Mountains in California 284 KB
Michael J. Arbaugh, Andrzej Bytnerowicz, and Mark E. Fenn

Indicators of Nitrogen Status in California Forests 174 KB
Mark E. Fenn and Mark A. Poth

Nitrogen Deposition Effects on Coastal Sage Vegetation of Southern California 420 KB
Edith B. Allen, Pamela E. Padgett, Andrzej Bytnerowicz, and Richard Minnich

Session III: Air Pollution/Climate Change Effects on Forests: Results of Gradient and Case Studies

Transect Studies on Pine Forests Along Parallel 52° North, 12-32° East and Along a Pollution Gradient in Poland: General Assumptions 804 KB
Alicja Breymeyer

Geographical Differentiation of the Floristic Composition and Structure of the Herb Layer of Forest Permanent Plots in East Germany, Poland, and Belarus 466 KB
Ewa Roo-Zielinska and Jerzy Solon

Herb Layer Diversity and Phytoindicative Evaluation of Habitat Conditions of Forest Permanent Plots in Poland 176 KB
Ewa Roo-Zielinska and Jerzy Solon

Spatial and Vertical Distribution of Soil Physico-Chemical Properties and the Content of Heavy Metals in the Pedosphere in Poland 220 KB
Marek Degorski

Transect Studies on Pine Litter Organic Matter: Decomposition and Chemical Properties of Upper Soil Layers in Polish Forests 181 KB
Alicja Breymeyer, Marek Degorski, and David Reed

Geographic Information System (GIS) Analysis of Ecosystem Response to Industrial Pollution in the Niepolomice Forest in Southern Poland 524 KB
January Weiner, Stefan Fredro-Boniecki, David Reed, Ann Maclean, Marshall Strong, and Michael Hyslop

Chemical Composition of Needles and Cambial Activity of Stems of Scots Pine Trees Affected by Air Pollutants in Polish Forests 173 KB
Wojciech Dmuchowski, Ewa U. Kurczynska, and Wieslaw Wloch

Ectomycorrhizae of Young and Mature Scots Pine Trees in Industrial Regions in Poland 634 KB
Barbara Kieliszewska-Rokicka, Maria Rudawska, and Tomasz Leski

Impact of Urban Environmental Pollution on Growth, Leaf Damage and Chemical Constituents of Warsaw Urban Trees 417 KB
Waldemar Chmielewski, Wojciech Dmuchowski, and Stanislaw Suplat

Seasonal Influences on Ozone Uptake and Foliar Injury to Ponderosa and Jeffrey Pines at a Southern California Site 656 KB
Patrick J. Temple and Paul R. Miller

Effect of Ozone Exposure on Seasonal Gas Exchange of Five Western Conifers 351 KB
Nancy E. Grulke, Paul R. Miller, and Theodor D. Leininger

Mature Ponderosa Pine Nutrient Use and Allocation Responses to Air Pollution 683 KB
Mark A. Poth and Mark E. Fenn

Session IV: Forest Health Monitoring: National Perspectives

Assessment of Forest Quality in Southwestern Poland with the Use of Remotely Sensed Data 132 KB
Zbigniew Bochenek, Andrzej Ciolkosz, and Maria Iracka

Response of Scots Pine Stand Vitality to Changes in Environmental Factors in Poland, 1991-1995 373 KB
Jerzy Wawrzoniak

Air Pollution and Forest Health Studies along a South-North Transect in Poland 214 KB
Stefan Godzik, Jerzy Szdzuj, Tomasz Staszewski, and Wlodzimierz Lukasik

Forest Health Status in Russia 165 KB
Vladislav A. Alexeyev

Air Pollution and Climate Change Effects on Health of the Ukrainian Forests: Monitoring and Evaluation 392 KB
Igor F. Buksha, Valentina L. Meshkova, Oleg M. Radchenko, and Alexander S. Sidorov

Forest Condition in Latvia 342 KB
Madis Sipols

Forest Health Monitoring and Forestry Implications in the Czech Republic Martin 232 KB
Martin Cerny and Pavel Moravcik

Dynamics of Forest Health Status in Slovakia from 1987 to 1994 183 KB
Julius Oszlanyi

Forest Health Status in Hungary 1.2 MB
András Szepesi

Forest Health Monitoring Indicators and Their Interpretability: A Lithuanian Case Study 200 KB
Romualdas Juknys and Algirdas Augustaitis

Session V: Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR) Measurements and Their Use in Forest Health Monitoring

Photosynthetically Active Radiation Measurements in Pure Pine and Mixed Pine Forests in Poland 200 KB
Jaroslaw Smialkowski

Remote Sensing Applied to Resource Management 139 KB
Henry M. Lachowski

Back Cover 17 KB

Citation

Bytnerowicz, Andrzej; Arbaugh, Michael J.; Schilling, Susan L., technical coordinators 1998. Proceedings of the International Symposium on Air Pollution and Climate Change Effects on Forest Ecosystems, February 5-9, 1996. Riverside, CA Gen. Tech. Rep. PSW-GTR-166. Albany, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station. 332 p.