ILLINOIS PLANT INFORMATION NETWORK ILPIN INFORMATION ON Alnus incana rugosa CLASS: DICOTYLEDENAE ORDER: FAGALES FAMILY: BETULACEAE SCIENTIFIC NAME: Alnus incana rugosa AUTHORITY: (L.) Moench SUBSPECIFIC AUTHORITY: (DuRoi) Clausen COMMON NAMES: SPECKLED ALDER SYNONOMY: Alnus rugosa (DuRoi) Spreng. var. americana (Regel) Fern. PLANTS CODE: ALRU3 NATURAL COMMUNITIES: FOREST THICKETS WETLAND SWAMP SHRUB BOG TALL SHRUB FORESTED SEDGE MEADOW BORDER OF LAKE LISTED DOMINANT CULTURAL MINED LAND SAF FOREST COVER TYPE: UNAVAILABLE NATURAL DIVISION: Northeastern Morainal Morainal Winnebago listed COUNTIES: BOONE COOK KANE LAKE MCHENRY WINNEBAGO GROWTH FORM: Dicot-woody TAXONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS: ROOTS: Primary LEAF ARRANGEMENT: Alternate LEAF TYPE: Simple LEAF MARGIN: Doubly Serrate LEAF VENATION: Pinnate LEAF SHAPE: Ovate Oval INFLORESCENCE: Catkin FLOWER STRUCTURE: Incomplete (no petals) FLOWER PLACEMENT: Epigynous FRUIT: Nut GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION: ORIGIN: Native POPULATION DYNAMICS: STATE STATUS: Endangered-ST FEDERAL STATUS: Not listed COMMONNESS: Rare ENDEMIC: NOT-ENDEMIC BIOLOGIC: HABIT: Shrub LIFE CYCLE: Perennial REPRODUCTION: Sexual Vegetative FLOWERING PERIOD: MONTH BEGINNING- 5 MONTH END- 6 TROPHIC STATUS: Autotrophic C02 FIXATION: C3 SEX: Unisexual -monoecious BIOLOGIC COMMENTS: Reproduces vegetatively by formation of root suckers (Huenneke, 1987). ENVIRONMENTAL RELATIONSHIPS: GROWTH OF SPECIES IN VARIOUS CONDITIONS: GRAVEL No data entered SAND No data entered SANDY LOAM Good LOAM No data entered CLAY LOAM No data entered CLAY No data entered DENSE CLAY No data entered ORGANIC SOIL Good NEUTRAL pH No data entered ACIDIC SOIL Good EXTREMELY ACID No data entered SALINE SOIL No data entered SODIC SOIL No data entered SODIC-SALINE No data entered ROCKY OUTCROPS No data entered GENTLE SLOPES No data entered MODERATE SLOPE No data entered STEEP SLOPES No data entered HABITAT: Wet Moist ENVIRONMENTAL RELATIONS COMMENTS: Rocky till, gray forest soils, muck. FUNCTIONAL RELATIONSHIPS: MAJOR DISPERSAL AGENTS: WIND MAJOR POLLINATION AGENT: Wind NITROGEN FIXING Yes HUMAN RELATIONSHIP DATA: ALLERGENIC: Maybe SHOWY FLOWERS: NO WILDLIFE AND LIVESTOCK INFORMATION: FOOD VALUE: DEER VALUE: Poor - UPLAND GAME VALUE: Good - Fruit Flowers Buds WATERFOWL VALUE: Unknown SMALL NON-GAME BIRD VALUE: - Fruit SMALL MAMMAL VALUE: Unknown AQUATIC MAMMAL VALUE: Good - Leaves Stems Buds FISH VALUE: Unknown COVER VALUE: DEER: No data WATERFOWL: No data SMALL MAMMAL: No data FISH: No data SMALL BIRD: No data UPLAND GAME: Good AQUATIC MAMMAL: No data WILDLIFE COMMENTS: Food source of food especially for redpolls, goldfinches, grouse, muskrats, and beaver. LIVESTOCK PALATABILITY DATA: No data entered REVEGETATION PLANTINGS: LONG-TERM REVEGETATION POTENTIAL: Good SEED BANK: High MANAGEMENT-BENEFICIAL: Clearcut REVEGATATION COMMENTS: Good for the revegetation of spoil banks. PROPAGATION COMMENTS: Cool, moist stratification increases germination rate of seeds (Huenneke, 1987). REFERENCES: Mohlenbrock, R. H., ed. 1975. Guide to the vascular flora of Illinois. Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale. 494 pp. Jones, G. N. 1963. Flora of Illinois. Third ed. American Midland Naturalist Monograph 7. University of Notre Dame, Indiana. 401 pp. Gleason, H. A., and A. Cronquist. 1963. Manual of vascular plants of north- eastern United States and adjacent Canada. Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., New York. 810 pp. Fernald, M. L. 1950. Gray's manual of botany. 8th ed. American Book Co., New York. 1632 pp. Swink, F., and G. S. Wilhelm. 1979. Plants of the Chicago region. Third ed. The Morton Arboretum, Lisle, Illinois. 922 pp. Eyre, F. H., ed. 1980. Forest cover types of the United States and Canada. Society of American Foresters (SAF), Washington, D.C., 148 pp. Schwegman, J. E., G. D. Fell, M. Hutchison, G. Paulson, W. M. Shepherd, and J. White. 1973. Comprehensive plan for the Illinois Nature Preserves System. Part 2 - The Natural Divisions of Illinois. Illinois Nature Preserves Commission, Springfield. 32 pp., plus map. White, J., and M. H. Madany. 1978. Classification of natural communities in Illinois. Pages 309-405 in J. White, ed., Illinois natural areas inventory technical report. Vol. 1. Survey methods and results. Illinois Natural Areas Inventory, Urbana. Porter, C. L. 1967. Taxonomy of flowering plants. W. H. Freeman and Company, San Francisco. 472 pp. Sheviak, C. J. 1981. Endangered and threatened plants. Pages 70-179 in M. L. Bowles, V. E. Diersing, and J. E. Ebinger, eds., Endangered and threatened vertebrate animals and vascular plants of Illinois. Illinois Department of Conservation, Springfield. Downton, W. J. S. 1975. The occurrence of C4 photosynthesis among plants. Photosynthetica 9(1): 96-105. Wodehouse, R. P. 1971. Hayfever plants. Hafner Publishing Company, New York. 280 pp. Meeuse, B. J. D. 1961. The story of pollination. Ronald Press Company, New York. 243 pp. OTHER REFERENCES: Daly, G. T. 1966. Nitrogen fixation by nodulated Alnus rugosa. Canadian Journal of Botany 44: 1607-1621. Huenneke, L. F. 1987. Demography of a clonal shrub, Alnus incana ssp. rugosa (Betulaceae). The American Midland Naturalist 117: 43-55. END OF DATA FOR SPECIES Alnus incana rugosa ------------------------------------------------------------------------ ILPIN was developed by Louis Iverson*, with data compiled by David Ketzner and Jeanne Karnes Illinois Natural History Survey, 607 E. Peabody Dr., Champaign, IL 61820 *currently employed by USDA Forest Service, 359 Main Rd., Delaware, OH 43015