ILLINOIS PLANT INFORMATION NETWORK
 
 ILPIN INFORMATION ON    Corallorhiza odontorhiza
 
 
 CLASS:    MONOCOTYLEDENAE
 ORDER:    ORCHIDALES
 FAMILY:   ORCHIDACEAE
 SCIENTIFIC NAME:  Corallorhiza odontorhiza
 AUTHORITY:  (Willd.) Nutt.
 
 COMMON NAMES:
    FALL CORAL-ROOT ORCHID
    LATE CORAL ROOT
 
 SYNONOMY:   None
 
 PLANTS CODE: COOD
 
 NATURAL COMMUNITIES:
     FOREST
       UPLAND FOREST
         MESIC
       THICKETS
     WETLAND
       BORDER OF LAKE
     CULTURAL
       SUCCESSIONAL FIELD
         ABANDONED CROPLAND
           LATE
         ABANDONED FORAGELAND
 
 
 SAF FOREST COVER TYPE:
     CENTRAL
        Upland oak
           White/Black/Northern Red-  Oak
     NORTHERN
       Northern Hardwoods
           Beech - Sugar Maple
 
 
 NATURAL DIVISION:
     Northeastern Morainal
     Shawnee Hills
 
 COUNTIES:
   BROWN           CALHOUN         CARROLL         CASS            CLARK
   COLES           CRAWFORD        EDGAR           EFFINGHAM       GREENE
   HANCOCK         HENDERSON       JACKSON         JO DAVIESS      JOHNSON
   KANE            KANKAKEE        KENDALL         LAKE            LASALLE
   LOGAN           MCHENRY         MACON           MACOUPIN        MASON
   MENARD          PEORIA          PIATT           POPE            RANDOLPH
   ST. CLAIR       SHELBY          UNION           VERMILION       WHITESIDE
   WILLIAMSON      WINNEBAGO
 
 GROWTH FORM:  Monocot
 
 TAXONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS:
    ROOTS:  Adventitious   (rhizomes)   (corms)
    LEAF ARRANGEMENT:   Alternate
    LEAF TYPE:   Simple
    LEAF MARGIN:   Entire
    LEAF VENATION:  Parallel
    LEAF SHAPE:       Other
    INFLORESCENCE:   Raceme
    FLOWER MEROUS:  3
    FLOWER STRUCTURE:   Complete   Irregular
    FLOWER COLOR:   Green   Others
    FLOWER PLACEMENT:  Epigynous
    FRUIT:   Capsule
 
 GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION:
     ORIGIN:   Native
 
 POPULATION DYNAMICS:
     STATE STATUS: Not listed
     FEDERAL STATUS: Not listed
     COMMONNESS:  Rare
     ENDEMIC:   NOT-ENDEMIC
 POPULATION STATUS COMMENTS:
     Very rare.
     Probably extinct in N. Illinois.
 
 
 
 
 
 BIOLOGIC:
     HABIT:   Forb
     LIFE CYCLE:   Perennial
     REPRODUCTION:   Sexual   Vegetative
     FLOWERING PERIOD:
         MONTH BEGINNING-      8         MONTH END-     10
     TROPHIC STATUS:  Saprophytic
     C02 FIXATION:  None
     SEX:      Perfect
 
 ECODISTRIBUTION COMMENTS:
     Wooded or non-rocky areas, on slopes, upland ridges; low valleys,
     often in acid soils in Mo.;  Very rare, in oak woods- Fagus grandifolia,
     Fraxinus Americana, Ulmus rubra, Quercus muhlenbergii; Also on wooded banks
     becoming more frequent in disturbed sites like cutover woods and adjacent
     roadsides in bright shade to full sun
 
 ENVIRONMENTAL RELATIONSHIPS:
     GROWTH OF SPECIES IN VARIOUS CONDITIONS:
          GRAVEL         No data entered    SAND           No data entered
          SANDY LOAM     Good               LOAM           No data entered
          CLAY LOAM      No data entered    CLAY           No data entered
          DENSE CLAY     No data entered    ORGANIC SOIL   No data entered
          NEUTRAL pH     No data entered    ACIDIC SOIL    Good
          EXTREMELY ACID No data entered    SALINE SOIL    No data entered
          SODIC SOIL     No data entered    SODIC-SALINE   No data entered
          ROCKY OUTCROPS No data entered    GENTLE SLOPES  Good
          MODERATE SLOPE No data entered    STEEP SLOPES   No data entered
     HABITAT:   Moist   Dry
 
 ENVIRONMENTAL RELATIONS COMMENTS:
     Low organic, moderate organic silt loams;  minimacid, mediacid to subacid
 
 
 FUNCTIONAL RELATIONSHIPS:
     MAJOR DISPERSAL AGENTS:   WIND
     MAJOR POLLINATION AGENT:   INSECT
     MYCORRHIZAE:   endomycorrhizal   obligate
 
 
 FUNCTIONAL DATA COMMENTS:
     Possibly fly pollinated.
 HUMAN RELATIONSHIP DATA:
     SHOWY FLOWERS:  YES      AMOUNT:  Low
 
 
 WILDLIFE AND LIVESTOCK INFORMATION:   No data entered
 
 REVEGETATION PLANTINGS:    No data entered
 
 
 REFERENCES:
Mohlenbrock, R. H., ed.  1975.  Guide to the vascular flora of Illinois.
     Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale.  494 pp.
Swink, F., and G. S. Wilhelm.  1979.  Plants of the Chicago region.  Third ed.
     The Morton Arboretum, Lisle, Illinois.  922 pp.
Mohlenbrock, R. H.  1967-continuing.  The illustrated flora of Illinois.
     Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale.
Gleason, H. A.  1952.  The new Britton and Brown illustrated flora of the
     northeastern United States and adjacent Canada.  3 vols.  The New York
     Botanical Garden, New York.
Sheviak, C. J.  1974.  An introduction to the ecology of the Illinois
     Orchidaceae.  Illinois State Museum Scientific Papers XIV.
     Springfield.  89 pp.
Dressler, R. L.  1981.  The orchids - natural history and classification.
     Harvard University Press.
 
 END OF DATA FOR SPECIES  Corallorhiza odontorhiza
 
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 ILPIN was developed by Louis Iverson*, with data compiled by David Ketzner and Jeanne Karnes
 Illinois Natural History Survey, 607 E. Peabody Dr., Champaign, IL 61820
     *currently employed by USDA Forest Service, 359 Main Rd., Delaware, OH 43015