ILLINOIS PLANT INFORMATION NETWORK
 
 ILPIN INFORMATION ON    Cicuta maculata
 
 
 CLASS:    DICOTYLEDENAE
 ORDER:    UMBELLALES
 FAMILY:   APIACEAE
 SCIENTIFIC NAME:  Cicuta maculata
 AUTHORITY:  L.
 
 COMMON NAMES:
    WATER HEMLOCK
 
 SYNONOMY:   None
 
 PLANTS CODE: CIMA2
 
 NATURAL COMMUNITIES:
     FOREST
       UPLAND FOREST
         MESIC
       FLOODPLAIN FOREST
         MESIC
       THICKETS
     PRAIRIE
       TYPICAL PRAIRIE
         WET-MESIC
         WET
     WETLAND
       MARSH
       SWAMP
       SEEP & SPRING
         ACID GRAVEL SEEP
         SPRING COMMUNITY
       BORDER OF LAKE
 
 SAF FOREST COVER TYPE:  UNAVAILABLE
 
 
 NATURAL DIVISION:
     Coastal Plain
        Cretaceous Hills
 
 COUNTIES:
   ADAMS           ALEXANDER       BOND            BOONE           BROWN
   BUREAU          CALHOUN         CARROLL         CASS            CHAMPAIGN
   CHRISTIAN       CLARK           CLAY            CLINTON         COLES
   COOK            CRAWFORD        CUMBERLAND      DEKALB          DEWITT
   DOUGLAS         DUPAGE          EDGAR           EDWARDS         EFFINGHAM
   FAYETTE         FORD            FRANKLIN        FULTON          GALLATIN
   GREENE          GRUNDY          HAMILTON        HANCOCK         HARDIN
   HENDERSON       HENRY           IROQUOIS        JACKSON         JASPER
   JEFFERSON       JERSEY          JO DAVIESS      JOHNSON         KANE
   KANKAKEE        KENDALL         KNOX            LAKE            LASALLE
   LAWRENCE        LEE             LIVINGSTON      LOGAN           MCDONOUGH
   MCHENRY         MCLEAN          MACON           MACOUPIN        MADISON
   MARION          MARSHALL        MASON           MASSAC          MENARD
   MONROE          MONTGOMERY      MORGAN          MOULTRIE        OGLE
   PEORIA          PERRY           PIATT           PIKE            POPE
   PULASKI         PUTNAM          RANDOLPH        RICHLAND        ROCK ISLAND
   ST. CLAIR       SALINE          SANGAMON        SCHUYLER        SHELBY
   STARK           STEPHENSON      TAZEWELL        UNION           VERMILION
   WABASH          WASHINGTON      WAYNE           WHITE           WHITESIDE
   WILL            WILLIAMSON      WINNEBAGO       WOODFORD
 
 GROWTH FORM:  Dicot-herb
 
 TAXONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS:
    ROOTS:  Adventitious   (tubers)
    LEAF ARRANGEMENT:   Alternate
    LEAF TYPE:   Simple  Compound  (pinnately)
    LEAF MARGIN:   Serrate
    LEAF VENATION:  Pinnate
    LEAF SHAPE:     Linear
    INFLORESCENCE:   Umbel
    FLOWER MEROUS:  5
    FLOWER STRUCTURE:   Complete   Regular
    FLOWER COLOR:   White
    FLOWER PLACEMENT:  Epigynous
    FRUIT:   SCHIZOCARP
 
 DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERISTIC COMMENTS:
     Lower part of the stem is often mottled purple.
 
 GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION:
     ORIGIN:   Native
 
 POPULATION DYNAMICS:
     STATE STATUS: Not listed
     FEDERAL STATUS: Not listed
     COMMONNESS:  Occasional
     ENDEMIC:   NOT-ENDEMIC
 POPULATION STATUS COMMENTS:
     Species is occasional to common.
 
 
 BIOLOGIC:
     HABIT:   Forb
     LIFE CYCLE:   Perennial   Biennial
     REPRODUCTION:   Sexual   Vegetative
     FLOWERING PERIOD:
         MONTH BEGINNING-      5         MONTH END-      9
     TROPHIC STATUS:  Autotrophic
     C02 FIXATION:  C3
     SEX:      Perfect
 
 ECODISTRIBUTION COMMENTS:
     Species is distributed along roadside ditches.
 
 ENVIRONMENTAL RELATIONSHIPS:   No data entered
 
 FUNCTIONAL RELATIONSHIPS:    No data entered
 HUMAN RELATIONSHIP DATA:
     EDIBLE:  Poisonous
     SHOWY FLOWERS:  YES      AMOUNT:  Low
     LANDSCAPING:  NO
 
 HUMAN FACTOR COMMENTS:
     All parts of the plant are poisonous.
 
 WILDLIFE AND LIVESTOCK INFORMATION:
     FOOD VALUE:
         DEER VALUE:  Unknown
         UPLAND GAME VALUE:   -   Fruit
         WATERFOWL VALUE:  Unknown
         SMALL NON-GAME BIRD VALUE:  Unknown
         SMALL MAMMAL VALUE:  Unknown
         AQUATIC MAMMAL VALUE:  Unknown
         FISH VALUE:  Unknown
     COVER VALUE:  No data entered
 
 LIVESTOCK PALATABILITY DATA:  No data entered
 
 LIVESTOCK COMMENTS:
     Livestock can eat green fruit and leaves without being poisoned.
 
 REVEGETATION PLANTINGS:
     WEEDINESS:   Economic
 
 
 GENERAL COMMENTS:
     Regarding weediness, species is also sometimes colonizing.
 
 
 REFERENCES:
Mohlenbrock, R. H., ed.  1975.  Guide to the vascular flora of Illinois.
     Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale.  494 pp.
Jones, G. N.  1963.  Flora of Illinois.  Third ed.  American Midland Naturalist
     Monograph 7.  University of Notre Dame, Indiana.  401 pp.
Steyermark, J. A.  1963.  Flora of Missouri.  Iowa State University Press, Ames.
     1725 pp.
Gleason, H. A., and A. Cronquist.  1963.  Manual of vascular plants of north-
     eastern United States and adjacent Canada.  Van Nostrand Reinhold Co.,
     New York.  810 pp.
Fernald, M. L.  1950.  Gray's manual of botany.  8th ed.  American Book Co.,
     New York.  1632 pp.
Swink, F., and G. S. Wilhelm.  1979.  Plants of the Chicago region.  Third ed.
     The Morton Arboretum, Lisle, Illinois.  922 pp.
Agricultural Experiment Station.  1981.  Weeds of the North Central States.
     Bulletin 772.  College of Agriculture, University of Illinois at Urbana-
     Champaign, Urbana.  303 pp.
Downton, W. J. S.  1975.  The occurrence of C4 photosynthesis among plants.
     Photosynthetica 9(1): 96-105.
 
 END OF DATA FOR SPECIES  Cicuta maculata
 
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 ILPIN was developed by Louis Iverson*, with data compiled by David Ketzner and Jeanne Karnes
 Illinois Natural History Survey, 607 E. Peabody Dr., Champaign, IL 61820
     *currently employed by USDA Forest Service, 359 Main Rd., Delaware, OH 43015