ILLINOIS PLANT INFORMATION NETWORK
 
 ILPIN INFORMATION ON    Trifolium campestre
 
 
 CLASS:    DICOTYLEDENAE
 ORDER:    ROSALES
 FAMILY:   FABACEAE
 SCIENTIFIC NAME:  Trifolium campestre
 AUTHORITY:  Schreb.
 
 COMMON NAMES:
    LOW HOP CLOVER
 
 SYNONOMY:
     Trifolium procumbens L.
 
 PLANTS CODE: TRCA5
 
 NATURAL COMMUNITIES:
     SAVANNA
       TYPICAL SAVANNA
     CULTURAL
       AGRICULTURAL FIELD
         PASTURELAND
       SUCCESSIONAL FIELD
         ABANDONED FORAGELAND
       DEVELOPED LAND
 
 SAF FOREST COVER TYPE:  UNAVAILABLE
 
 NATURAL DIVISION:  UNAVAILABLE
 
 COUNTIES:
   ADAMS           ALEXANDER       BOONE           BROWN           BUREAU
   CALHOUN         CARROLL         CASS            CHAMPAIGN       CHRISTIAN
   CLARK           CLAY            COLES           COOK            CRAWFORD
   CUMBERLAND      DEKALB          DEWITT          DOUGLAS         DUPAGE
   EDWARDS         EFFINGHAM       FAYETTE         FRANKLIN        GREENE
   GRUNDY          HAMILTON        HARDIN          HENDERSON       HENRY
   IROQUOIS        JACKSON         JASPER          JEFFERSON       JERSEY
   JOHNSON         KANKAKEE        KENDALL         KNOX            LAKE
   LAWRENCE        LEE             LIVINGSTON      MCDONOUGH       MACON
   MACOUPIN        MARION          MARSHALL        MASSAC          MONROE
   MONTGOMERY      MORGAN          MOULTRIE        OGLE            PEORIA
   PERRY           PIATT           PIKE            POPE            PULASKI
   PUTNAM          RANDOLPH        RICHLAND        ROCK ISLAND     ST. CLAIR
   SALINE          SANGAMON        SCHUYLER        SCOTT           SHELBY
   STEPHENSON      TAZEWELL        UNION           WABASH          WASHINGTON
   WAYNE           WHITE           WINNEBAGO
 
 GROWTH FORM:  Dicot-herb
 
 TAXONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS:
    ROOTS:  Primary
    LEAF ARRANGEMENT:   Alternate
    LEAF TYPE:    Compound  (trifoliate)
    LEAF MARGIN:   Serrate
    LEAF VENATION:  Pinnate
    LEAF SHAPE:       Obovate
    INFLORESCENCE:   Head
    FLOWER MEROUS:  5
    FLOWER STRUCTURE:   Complete   Irregular
    FLOWER COLOR:   Yellow
    FLOWER PLACEMENT:  Perigynous
    FRUIT:   Legume
 
 DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERISTIC COMMENTS:
     Species has strongly bilabiate calyx; 15 or more flowers
     per head.
 
 GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION:
     ORIGIN:   Introduced-  Europe
 
 POPULATION DYNAMICS:
     STATE STATUS: Not listed
     FEDERAL STATUS: Not listed
     COMMONNESS:  Occasional
     ENDEMIC:   NOT-ENDEMIC
 
 BIOLOGIC:
     HABIT:   Forb
     LIFE CYCLE:   Annual
     REPRODUCTION:   Sexual
     FLOWERING PERIOD:
         MONTH BEGINNING-      5         MONTH END-      9
     TROPHIC STATUS:  Autotrophic
     C02 FIXATION:  C3
     SEX:      Perfect
 
 ENVIRONMENTAL RELATIONSHIPS:   No data entered
 
 FUNCTIONAL RELATIONSHIPS:
     MYCORRHIZAE:   endomycorrhizal
     NITROGEN FIXING   Maybe
 
 FUNCTIONAL DATA COMMENTS:
     Species is reported to form nodules.
 HUMAN RELATIONSHIP DATA:
     SHOWY FLOWERS:  NO     LANDSCAPING:  NO
 
 WILDLIFE AND LIVESTOCK INFORMATION:   No data entered
 
 LIVESTOCK COMMENTS:
     Species is sown for forage.
 
 REVEGETATION PLANTINGS:
     WEEDINESS:   Non-weedy
 
 
 REVEGATATION COMMENTS:
     Species is sown for soil improvement.
 
 
 REFERENCES:
Mohlenbrock, R. H., ed.  1975.  Guide to the vascular flora of Illinois.
     Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale.  494 pp.
Jones, G. N.  1963.  Flora of Illinois.  Third ed.  American Midland Naturalist
     Monograph 7.  University of Notre Dame, Indiana.  401 pp.
Steyermark, J. A.  1963.  Flora of Missouri.  Iowa State University Press, Ames.
     1725 pp.
Gleason, H. A., and A. Cronquist.  1963.  Manual of vascular plants of north-
     eastern United States and adjacent Canada.  Van Nostrand Reinhold Co.,
     New York.  810 pp.
Fernald, M. L.  1950.  Gray's manual of botany.  8th ed.  American Book Co.,
     New York.  1632 pp.
Swink, F., and G. S. Wilhelm.  1979.  Plants of the Chicago region.  Third ed.
     The Morton Arboretum, Lisle, Illinois.  922 pp.
Downton, W. J. S.  1975.  The occurrence of C4 photosynthesis among plants.
     Photosynthetica 9(1): 96-105.
 
 END OF DATA FOR SPECIES  Trifolium campestre
 
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 ILPIN was developed by Louis Iverson*, with data compiled by David Ketzner and Jeanne Karnes
 Illinois Natural History Survey, 607 E. Peabody Dr., Champaign, IL 61820
     *currently employed by USDA Forest Service, 359 Main Rd., Delaware, OH 43015