ILLINOIS PLANT INFORMATION NETWORK ILPIN INFORMATION ON Toxicodendron radicans CLASS: DICOTYLEDENAE ORDER: SAPINDALES FAMILY: ANACARDIACEAE SCIENTIFIC NAME: Toxicodendron radicans AUTHORITY: (L.) Kuntze COMMON NAMES: POISON IVY SYNONOMY: Rhus radicans L. PLANTS CODE: TORA2 NATURAL COMMUNITIES: FOREST UPLAND FOREST DRY DRY-MESIC MESIC WET-MESIC SAND FOREST DRY DRY-MESIC MESIC FLOODPLAIN FOREST MESIC WET-MESIC WET THICKETS WETLAND SEEP & SPRING ACID GRAVEL SEEP PRIMARY GLADE LIMESTONE LAKE SHORE FOREDUNE CULTURAL AGRICULTURAL FIELD FIELD DIVISION SUCCESSIONAL FIELD DEVELOPED LAND PLANTATION SAF FOREST COVER TYPE: UNAVAILABLE NATURAL DIVISION: Coastal Plain Cretaceous Hills COUNTIES: ADAMS ALEXANDER BOND BOONE BROWN BUREAU CALHOUN CARROLL CASS CHAMPAIGN CHRISTIAN CLARK CLAY CLINTON COLES COOK CRAWFORD CUMBERLAND DEKALB DEWITT DOUGLAS DUPAGE EDGAR EDWARDS EFFINGHAM FAYETTE FORD FRANKLIN FULTON GALLATIN GREENE GRUNDY HAMILTON HANCOCK HARDIN HENDERSON HENRY IROQUOIS JACKSON JASPER JEFFERSON JERSEY JO DAVIESS JOHNSON KANE KANKAKEE KENDALL KNOX LAKE LASALLE LAWRENCE LEE LIVINGSTON LOGAN MCDONOUGH MCHENRY MCLEAN MACON MACOUPIN MADISON MARION MARSHALL MASON MASSAC MENARD MERCER MONROE MONTGOMERY MORGAN MOULTRIE OGLE PEORIA PERRY PIATT PIKE POPE PULASKI PUTNAM RANDOLPH RICHLAND ROCK ISLAND ST. CLAIR SALINE SANGAMON SCHUYLER SCOTT SHELBY STARK STEPHENSON TAZEWELL UNION VERMILION WABASH WARREN WASHINGTON WAYNE WHITE WHITESIDE WILL WILLIAMSON WINNEBAGO WOODFORD GROWTH FORM: Dicot-woody TAXONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS: ROOTS: Primary LEAF ARRANGEMENT: Alternate LEAF TYPE: Compound (trifoliate) LEAF MARGIN: Dentate LEAF VENATION: Pinnate LEAF SHAPE: Ovate INFLORESCENCE: Panicle FLOWER MEROUS: 5 FLOWER STRUCTURE: Complete Regular FLOWER COLOR: Yellow White FLOWER PLACEMENT: Hypogynous FRUIT: DRUPE DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERISTIC COMMENTS: upright, trailing or high-climbing with aerial roots; terminal leaflet longer stalked than the lateral; drupes grayish-white GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION: ORIGIN: Native POPULATION DYNAMICS: STATE STATUS: Not listed FEDERAL STATUS: Not listed COMMONNESS: Common ENDEMIC: NOT-ENDEMIC BIOLOGIC: HABIT: Shrub Liana LIFE CYCLE: Perennial REPRODUCTION: Sexual FLOWERING PERIOD: MONTH BEGINNING- 5 MONTH END- 7 TROPHIC STATUS: Autotrophic C02 FIXATION: C3 SEX: Perfect Unisexual -dioecious BIOLOGIC COMMENTS: polygamodioecoious ECODISTRIBUTION COMMENTS: open woods ENVIRONMENTAL RELATIONSHIPS: GROWTH OF SPECIES IN VARIOUS CONDITIONS: GRAVEL No data entered SAND Good SANDY LOAM No data entered LOAM No data entered CLAY LOAM No data entered CLAY No data entered DENSE CLAY No data entered ORGANIC SOIL No data entered NEUTRAL pH No data entered ACIDIC SOIL No data entered EXTREMELY ACID No data entered SALINE SOIL No data entered SODIC SOIL No data entered SODIC-SALINE No data entered ROCKY OUTCROPS No data entered GENTLE SLOPES Good MODERATE SLOPE No data entered STEEP SLOPES No data entered HABITAT: Wet Moist Dry FUNCTIONAL RELATIONSHIPS: MAJOR DISPERSAL AGENTS: BIRD HUMAN RELATIONSHIP DATA: ALLERGENIC: Yes EDIBLE: Poisonous SHOWY FLOWERS: YES AMOUNT: Low LANDSCAPING: YES AMOUNT: Low HUMAN FACTOR COMMENTS: foliage, flowers, fruits are poisonous to most skins WILDLIFE AND LIVESTOCK INFORMATION: No data entered REVEGETATION PLANTINGS: WEEDINESS: Economic REFERENCES: Mohlenbrock, R. H., ed. 1975. Guide to the vascular flora of Illinois. Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale. 494 pp. Jones, G. N. 1963. Flora of Illinois. Third ed. American Midland Naturalist Monograph 7. University of Notre Dame, Indiana. 401 pp. Steyermark, J. A. 1963. Flora of Missouri. Iowa State University Press, Ames. 1725 pp. Gleason, H. A., and A. Cronquist. 1963. Manual of vascular plants of north- eastern United States and adjacent Canada. Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., New York. 810 pp. Fernald, M. L. 1950. Gray's manual of botany. 8th ed. American Book Co., New York. 1632 pp. Swink, F., and G. S. Wilhelm. 1979. Plants of the Chicago region. Third ed. The Morton Arboretum, Lisle, Illinois. 922 pp. Agricultural Experiment Station. 1981. Weeds of the North Central States. Bulletin 772. College of Agriculture, University of Illinois at Urbana- Champaign, Urbana. 303 pp. Downton, W. J. S. 1975. The occurrence of C4 photosynthesis among plants. Photosynthetica 9(1): 96-105. OTHER REFERENCES: McDonnell, M. J. 1986. Old field vegetation height and the dispersal pattern of bird-disseminated woody plants. Torrey Botanical Club Bulletin 113: 6-11. END OF DATA FOR SPECIES Toxicodendron radicans ------------------------------------------------------------------------ ILPIN was developed by Louis Iverson*, with data compiled by David Ketzner and Jeanne Karnes Illinois Natural History Survey, 607 E. Peabody Dr., Champaign, IL 61820 *currently employed by USDA Forest Service, 359 Main Rd., Delaware, OH 43015