ILLINOIS PLANT INFORMATION NETWORK
 
 ILPIN INFORMATION ON    Peltandra virginica
 
 
 CLASS:    MONOCOTYLEDENAE
 ORDER:    ARALES
 FAMILY:   ARACEAE
 SCIENTIFIC NAME:  Peltandra virginica
 AUTHORITY:  (L.) Kunth
 
 COMMON NAMES:
    ARROW ARUM
    DUCK CORN
    TUCKAHOE
 
 SYNONOMY:
     Arum virginicum L.
     Peltandra undulata Raf.
 
 PLANTS CODE: PEVI
 
 NATURAL COMMUNITIES:
     WETLAND
       SWAMP
       BOG
 
 SAF FOREST COVER TYPE:  UNAVAILABLE
 
 
 NATURAL DIVISION:
     Southern Till Plain
        Effingham Plain
        Mt. Vernon Hill Country
     Wabash Border
        Bottomlands
     Lower Miss. R. Bottomlands
        Northern
        Southern
     Coastal Plain
        Bottomlands
 
 COUNTIES:
   ALEXANDER       BOND            CASS            CHRISTIAN       CLAY
   COOK            CRAWFORD        JACKSON         JEFFERSON       JOHNSON
   KANE            KANKAKEE        LAWRENCE        MACOUPIN        MARSHALL
   MASON           MASSAC          PEORIA          POPE            ST. CLAIR
   SALINE          TAZEWELL        UNION           WABASH          WOODFORD
 
 
 GROWTH FORM:  Monocot
 
 TAXONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS:
    ROOTS:  Adventitious   (fibrous)   (rhizomes)
    LEAF ARRANGEMENT:    Basal
    LEAF TYPE:   Simple
    LEAF MARGIN:   Undulate
    LEAF VENATION:  Pinnate
    LEAF SHAPE:       Sagittate     Hastate
    INFLORESCENCE:   Spadix
    FLOWER STRUCTURE:   Incomplete  (no petals)  (no sepals)
    FRUIT:   Berry
 
 DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERISTIC COMMENTS:
     Species is spathe tubular at both ends, opening at the middle; flowers
     covering all or most of the spadix.
 
 GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION:
     ORIGIN:   Native
 
 POPULATION DYNAMICS:
     STATE STATUS: Not listed
     FEDERAL STATUS: Not listed
     COMMONNESS:  Occasional
     ENDEMIC:   NOT-ENDEMIC
 
 BIOLOGIC:
     HABIT:   Forb
     LIFE CYCLE:   Perennial
     REPRODUCTION:   Sexual
     FLOWERING PERIOD:
         MONTH BEGINNING-      5         MONTH END-      6
     TROPHIC STATUS:  Autotrophic
     C02 FIXATION:  C3
     SEX:      Unisexual   -monoecious
 
 ECODISTRIBUTION COMMENTS:
     Species is distributed in shallow fresh water, slightly brackish
     waters, wet ditches.
 
 ENVIRONMENTAL RELATIONSHIPS:
     GROWTH OF SPECIES IN VARIOUS CONDITIONS:  No data entered
 
     HABITAT:   Emergent aquatic   Wet
 
 FUNCTIONAL RELATIONSHIPS:
     MAJOR DISPERSAL AGENTS:   WATER
     MAJOR POLLINATION AGENT:   INSECT   fly
 
 HUMAN RELATIONSHIP DATA:
     EDIBLE:  Yes-qualified
     SHOWY FLOWERS:  NO     LANDSCAPING:  NO
 
 HUMAN FACTOR COMMENTS:
     The perpendicular rhizome can be eaten upon roasting or prolonged drying.
     The seeds can be used to make a bread (Fernald et al., 1958).
 
 WILDLIFE AND LIVESTOCK INFORMATION:
     FOOD VALUE:
         DEER VALUE:  Unknown
         UPLAND GAME VALUE:  Unknown
         WATERFOWL VALUE:   -   Fruit
         SMALL NON-GAME BIRD VALUE:  Unknown
         SMALL MAMMAL VALUE:  Unknown
         AQUATIC MAMMAL VALUE:  Unknown
         FISH VALUE:  Unknown
     COVER VALUE:  No data entered
 
     WILDLIFE COMMENTS:
         Marshbirds and shorebirds; especially wood ducks.
 
 
 LIVESTOCK PALATABILITY DATA:  No data entered
 
 REVEGETATION PLANTINGS:
     ESTABLISHMENT REQUIREMENTS:  Easy
     SHORT-TERM REVEGETATION POTENTIAL:  Good
 
     LONG-TERM REVEGETATION POTENTIAL:  Good
     SEED AVAILABILITY:   Good
 
 
 PROCUREMENT COMMENTS:
     Seed company number: 1, 11
 
 PROPAGATION COMMENTS:
         Seeds should be planted in spring or fall at 10 lbs./acre in up
         to 1 inch of water.
 
 
 REFERENCES:
Mohlenbrock, R. H., and D. M. Ladd.  1978.  Distribution of Illinois vascular
     plants.  Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale. 282 pp.
Mohlenbrock, R. H., ed.  1975.  Guide to the vascular flora of Illinois.
     Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale.  494 pp.
Jones, G. N.  1963.  Flora of Illinois.  Third ed.  American Midland Naturalist
     Monograph 7.  University of Notre Dame, Indiana.  401 pp.
Steyermark, J. A.  1963.  Flora of Missouri.  Iowa State University Press, Ames.
     1725 pp.
Gleason, H. A., and A. Cronquist.  1963.  Manual of vascular plants of north-
     eastern United States and adjacent Canada.  Van Nostrand Reinhold Co.,
     New York.  810 pp.
Fernald, M. L.  1950.  Gray's manual of botany.  8th ed.  American Book Co.,
     New York.  1632 pp.
Swink, F., and G. S. Wilhelm.  1979.  Plants of the Chicago region.  Third ed.
     The Morton Arboretum, Lisle, Illinois.  922 pp.
Anon.  1981.  Illinois plants for habitat restoration.  Illinois Department of
     Conservation, Mining Program.  Springfield, Illinois.  61 pp.
Downton, W. J. S.  1975.  The occurrence of C4 photosynthesis among plants.
     Photosynthetica 9(1): 96-105.
 
 OTHER REFERENCES:
     Whigham, D. F., R. L. Simpson, and M. A. Leck.  1979.  The distribution of
          seeds, seedlings, and established plants of arrow arum (Peltandra
          virginica (L.) Kunth) in a freshwater tidal wetland.  Bulletin of the
          Torrey Botanical Club 106: 193-199.
     Wilson, K. A.  1960.  The genera of the Arales in the southeastern United
          States.  Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 41: 47-72.
     Goldberg, B.  1941.  Life history of Peltandra virginica.  The Botanical
          Gazette 102: 641-662.
 
 END OF DATA FOR SPECIES  Peltandra virginica
 
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 ILPIN was developed by Louis Iverson*, with data compiled by David Ketzner and Jeanne Karnes
 Illinois Natural History Survey, 607 E. Peabody Dr., Champaign, IL 61820
     *currently employed by USDA Forest Service, 359 Main Rd., Delaware, OH 43015