ILLINOIS PLANT INFORMATION NETWORK
 
 ILPIN INFORMATION ON    Oxypolis rigidior ambigua
 
 
 CLASS:    DICOTYLEDENAE
 ORDER:    UMBELLALES
 FAMILY:   APIACEAE
 SCIENTIFIC NAME:  Oxypolis rigidior ambigua
 AUTHORITY:  (L.) Coulter & Rose
 SUBSPECIFIC AUTHORITY: (Nutt.) Robins.
 
 COMMON NAMES:
    COWBANE
 
 SYNONOMY:   None
 
 PLANTS CODE: OXRI
 
 NATURAL COMMUNITIES:
     FOREST
       FLOODPLAIN FOREST
         WET
     WETLAND
       MARSH
       SWAMP
       SEEP & SPRING
         SPRING COMMUNITY
       BORDER OF LAKE
     PRIMARY
       BLUFF
 
 SAF FOREST COVER TYPE:  UNAVAILABLE
 
 NATURAL DIVISION:  UNAVAILABLE
 
 
 GROWTH FORM:  Dicot-herb
 
 TAXONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS:
    ROOTS:  Primary
    LEAF ARRANGEMENT:   Alternate
    LEAF TYPE:    Compound  (pinnately)
    LEAF MARGIN:   Entire   Serrate
    LEAF VENATION:  Pinnate
    LEAF SHAPE:     Linear
    INFLORESCENCE:   Umbel
    FLOWER MEROUS:  5
    FLOWER STRUCTURE:   Complete   Incomplete  (no sepals)   Regular
    FLOWER COLOR:   White
    FLOWER PLACEMENT:  Epigynous
    FRUIT:   SCHIZOCARP
 
 GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION:
     ORIGIN:   Native
 
 POPULATION DYNAMICS:
     STATE STATUS: Not listed
     FEDERAL STATUS: Not listed
     COMMONNESS:  Rare
     ENDEMIC:   NOT-ENDEMIC
 
 BIOLOGIC:
     HABIT:   Forb
     LIFE CYCLE:   Perennial
     REPRODUCTION:   Sexual
     FLOWERING PERIOD:
         MONTH BEGINNING-      7         MONTH END-      9
     TROPHIC STATUS:  Autotrophic
     C02 FIXATION:  C3
     SEX:      Perfect
 
 ENVIRONMENTAL RELATIONSHIPS:   No data entered
 
 FUNCTIONAL RELATIONSHIPS:    No data entered
 HUMAN RELATIONSHIP DATA:
     ALLERGENIC:  Maybe
     SHOWY FLOWERS:  YES      AMOUNT:  Low
 
 
 HUMAN FACTOR COMMENTS:
     Roots and leaves are poisonous; contact may cause dermatitis.
 
 WILDLIFE AND LIVESTOCK INFORMATION:
     FOOD VALUE:  No data entered
     COVER VALUE:  No data entered
 
 LIVESTOCK PALATABILITY DATA:
     CATTLE FORAGE: No data    SHEEP FORAGE:  No data    HORSE FORAGE:  No data
     GOAT FORAGE:   No data    ENERGY VALUE:  No data    PROTEIN VALUE: No data
     POISONOUS (LIVESTOCK):   Yes
 
 LIVESTOCK COMMENTS:
     Roots and leaves are poisonous to cattle.
 
 REVEGETATION PLANTINGS:    No data entered
 
 
 REFERENCES:
Mohlenbrock, R. H., ed.  1975.  Guide to the vascular flora of Illinois.
     Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale.  494 pp.
Steyermark, J. A.  1963.  Flora of Missouri.  Iowa State University Press, Ames.
     1725 pp.
Fernald, M. L.  1950.  Gray's manual of botany.  8th ed.  American Book Co.,
     New York.  1632 pp.
Downton, W. J. S.  1975.  The occurrence of C4 photosynthesis among plants.
     Photosynthetica 9(1): 96-105.
 
 END OF DATA FOR SPECIES  Oxypolis rigidior ambigua
 
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 ILPIN was developed by Louis Iverson*, with data compiled by David Ketzner and Jeanne Karnes
 Illinois Natural History Survey, 607 E. Peabody Dr., Champaign, IL 61820
     *currently employed by USDA Forest Service, 359 Main Rd., Delaware, OH 43015