ILLINOIS PLANT INFORMATION NETWORK
 
 ILPIN INFORMATION ON    Oenothera biennis canescens
 
 
 CLASS:    DICOTYLEDENAE
 ORDER:    MYRTALES
 FAMILY:   ONAGRACEAE
 SCIENTIFIC NAME:  Oenothera biennis canescens
 AUTHORITY:  L.
 SUBSPECIFIC AUTHORITY: Torr. & Gray
 
 COMMON NAMES:
    EVENING PRIMROSE
 
 SYNONOMY:
     Oenothera biennis L. var. hirsutissima Gray
     Oenothera strigosa (Rydb.) Mack. & Bush
 
 PLANTS CODE: OEBI
 
 NATURAL COMMUNITIES:
     FOREST
       THICKETS
     PRAIRIE
       TYPICAL PRAIRIE
         DRY
     PRIMARY
       GLADE
     CULTURAL
       SUCCESSIONAL FIELD
         ABANDONED CROPLAND
           EARLY
 
 
 SAF FOREST COVER TYPE:
     NO
 
 NATURAL DIVISION:  UNAVAILABLE
 
 COUNTIES:
   BOONE           CARROLL         CASS            CHAMPAIGN       HANCOCK
   JACKSON         JO DAVIESS      MCDONOUGH       MASON           MORGAN
   OGLE            POPE            PULASKI         RANDOLPH        UNION
   VERMILION       WHITESIDE       WINNEBAGO       WOODFORD
 
 GROWTH FORM:  Dicot-herb
 
 TAXONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS:
    ROOTS:  Primary
    LEAF ARRANGEMENT:   Alternate
    LEAF TYPE:   Simple
    LEAF MARGIN:   Entire   Dentate
    LEAF VENATION:  Pinnate
    LEAF SHAPE:     Oblong   Lanceolate
    INFLORESCENCE:   Raceme
    FLOWER MEROUS:  4
    FLOWER STRUCTURE:   Complete   Regular
    FLOWER COLOR:   Yellow
    FLOWER PLACEMENT:  Epigynous
    FRUIT:   Capsule
 
 DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERISTIC COMMENTS:
     Plants are white-hairy; form basal rosettes the first year.
 
 GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION:
     ORIGIN:   Native
 
 POPULATION DYNAMICS:
     STATE STATUS: Not listed
     FEDERAL STATUS: Not listed
     COMMONNESS:  Occasional
     ENDEMIC:   NOT-ENDEMIC
 
 BIOLOGIC:
     HABIT:   Forb
     LIFE CYCLE:   Biennial
     REPRODUCTION:   Sexual
     FLOWERING PERIOD:
         MONTH BEGINNING-      6         MONTH END-     10
     TROPHIC STATUS:  Autotrophic
     C02 FIXATION:  C3
     SEX:      Perfect
 
 ECODISTRIBUTION COMMENTS:
     Species is distributed on waste ground.
 
 ENVIRONMENTAL RELATIONSHIPS:   No data entered
 
 FUNCTIONAL RELATIONSHIPS:
     MAJOR POLLINATION AGENT:   INSECT   moth
 
 
 FUNCTIONAL DATA COMMENTS:
     Species is pollinated by night-flying sphinx moths.
 HUMAN RELATIONSHIP DATA:
     EDIBLE:  Yes
     SHOWY FLOWERS:  YES      AMOUNT:  Medium
 
 
 HUMAN FACTOR COMMENTS:
     During first year, roots are cooked and eaten.
 
 WILDLIFE AND LIVESTOCK INFORMATION:   No data entered
 
 REVEGETATION PLANTINGS:    No data entered
 
 
 REFERENCES:
Mohlenbrock, R. H., ed.  1975.  Guide to the vascular flora of Illinois.
     Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale.  494 pp.
Jones, G. N.  1963.  Flora of Illinois.  Third ed.  American Midland Naturalist
     Monograph 7.  University of Notre Dame, Indiana.  401 pp.
Steyermark, J. A.  1963.  Flora of Missouri.  Iowa State University Press, Ames.
     1725 pp.
Gleason, H. A., and A. Cronquist.  1963.  Manual of vascular plants of north-
     eastern United States and adjacent Canada.  Van Nostrand Reinhold Co.,
     New York.  810 pp.
Fernald, M. L.  1950.  Gray's manual of botany.  8th ed.  American Book Co.,
     New York.  1632 pp.
Swink, F., and G. S. Wilhelm.  1979.  Plants of the Chicago region.  Third ed.
     The Morton Arboretum, Lisle, Illinois.  922 pp.
Downton, W. J. S.  1975.  The occurrence of C4 photosynthesis among plants.
     Photosynthetica 9(1): 96-105.
Mohlenbrock, R. H., ed.  1986.  Guide to the vascular flora of Illinois.
     Revised and enlarged edition.  Southern Illinois University Press,
     Carbondale.  507 pp.
 
 END OF DATA FOR SPECIES  Oenothera biennis canescens
 
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 ILPIN was developed by Louis Iverson*, with data compiled by David Ketzner and Jeanne Karnes
 Illinois Natural History Survey, 607 E. Peabody Dr., Champaign, IL 61820
     *currently employed by USDA Forest Service, 359 Main Rd., Delaware, OH 43015