ILLINOIS PLANT INFORMATION NETWORK
 
 ILPIN INFORMATION ON    Mitella diphylla
 
 
 CLASS:    DICOTYLEDENAE
 ORDER:    ROSALES
 FAMILY:   SAXIFRAGACEAE
 SCIENTIFIC NAME:  Mitella diphylla
 AUTHORITY:  L.
 
 COMMON NAMES:
    BISHOP'S-CAP
 
 SYNONOMY:   None
 
 PLANTS CODE: MIDI3
 
 NATURAL COMMUNITIES:
     FOREST
       UPLAND FOREST
         MESIC
     PRIMARY
       BLUFF
         CLIFF (ROCKY BLUFF)
           SANDSTONE
           LIMESTONE
 
 SAF FOREST COVER TYPE:  UNAVAILABLE
 
 NATURAL DIVISION:  UNAVAILABLE
 
 COUNTIES:
   ADAMS           BOONE           BROWN           BUREAU          CALHOUN
   CARROLL         CHAMPAIGN       CLARK           COLES           COOK
   DEKALB          DUPAGE          EDGAR           HANCOCK         HARDIN
   HENDERSON       HENRY           JACKSON         JO DAVIESS      JOHNSON
   KANE            KANKAKEE        KENDALL         LAKE            LASALLE
   LEE             MCHENRY         OGLE            PEORIA          POPE
   STEPHENSON      TAZEWELL        VERMILION       WILL            WILLIAMSON
   WINNEBAGO
 
 GROWTH FORM:  Dicot-herb
 
 TAXONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS:
    ROOTS:  Adventitious   (rhizomes)
    LEAF ARRANGEMENT:   Alternate     Opposite  Basal
    LEAF TYPE:   Simple
    LEAF MARGIN:   Crenate   Lobed  (palmately)
    LEAF VENATION:  Palmate
    LEAF SHAPE:     Ovate     Orbicular     Cordate
    INFLORESCENCE:   Raceme
    FLOWER MEROUS:  5
    FLOWER STRUCTURE:   Complete   Regular
    FLOWER COLOR:   White
    FLOWER PLACEMENT:  Perigynous
    FRUIT:   Capsule
 
 GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION:
     ORIGIN:   Native
 
 POPULATION DYNAMICS:
     STATE STATUS: Not listed
     FEDERAL STATUS: Not listed
     COMMONNESS:  Occasional
     ENDEMIC:   NOT-ENDEMIC
 POPULATION STATUS COMMENTS:
     Species is rare in southern half of state.
 
 
 BIOLOGIC:
     HABIT:   Forb
     LIFE CYCLE:   Perennial
     REPRODUCTION:   Sexual   Vegetative
     FLOWERING PERIOD:
         MONTH BEGINNING-      5
     TROPHIC STATUS:  Autotrophic
     C02 FIXATION:  C3
     SEX:      Perfect
 
 ECODISTRIBUTION COMMENTS:
     Species is distributed in wooded ravines; rich, often rocky woods.
 
 ENVIRONMENTAL RELATIONSHIPS:   No data entered
 
 FUNCTIONAL RELATIONSHIPS:
     MAJOR DISPERSAL AGENTS:   WATER
     MAJOR POLLINATION AGENT:   INSECT   bee   fly
 
 
 FUNCTIONAL DATA COMMENTS:
     Flowers are pollinated by small, probing insects such as syrphid flies and
     short-tongued bees.  Seeds are dispersed by water droplets; fruit forms a
     "splash-cup" (Spongberg, 1972).
 HUMAN RELATIONSHIP DATA:    No data entered
 
 WILDLIFE AND LIVESTOCK INFORMATION:   No data entered
 
 REVEGETATION PLANTINGS:    No data entered
 
 
 REFERENCES:
Mohlenbrock, R. H., ed.  1975.  Guide to the vascular flora of Illinois.
     Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale.  494 pp.
Jones, G. N.  1963.  Flora of Illinois.  Third ed.  American Midland Naturalist
     Monograph 7.  University of Notre Dame, Indiana.  401 pp.
Steyermark, J. A.  1963.  Flora of Missouri.  Iowa State University Press, Ames.
     1725 pp.
Gleason, H. A., and A. Cronquist.  1963.  Manual of vascular plants of north-
     eastern United States and adjacent Canada.  Van Nostrand Reinhold Co.,
     New York.  810 pp.
Fernald, M. L.  1950.  Gray's manual of botany.  8th ed.  American Book Co.,
     New York.  1632 pp.
Swink, F., and G. S. Wilhelm.  1979.  Plants of the Chicago region.  Third ed.
     The Morton Arboretum, Lisle, Illinois.  922 pp.
Downton, W. J. S.  1975.  The occurrence of C4 photosynthesis among plants.
     Photosynthetica 9(1): 96-105.
 
 OTHER REFERENCES:
     Spongberg, S. A.  1972.  The genera of Saxifragaceae in the southeastern
          United States.  Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 53: 409-498.
 
 END OF DATA FOR SPECIES  Mitella diphylla
 
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 ILPIN was developed by Louis Iverson*, with data compiled by David Ketzner and Jeanne Karnes
 Illinois Natural History Survey, 607 E. Peabody Dr., Champaign, IL 61820
     *currently employed by USDA Forest Service, 359 Main Rd., Delaware, OH 43015