ILLINOIS PLANT INFORMATION NETWORK ILPIN INFORMATION ON Medicago lupulina CLASS: DICOTYLEDENAE ORDER: ROSALES FAMILY: FABACEAE SCIENTIFIC NAME: Medicago lupulina AUTHORITY: L. COMMON NAMES: BLACK MEDIC SYNONOMY: None PLANTS CODE: MELU NATURAL COMMUNITIES: CULTURAL AGRICULTURAL FIELD CROPLAND PASTURELAND DEVELOPED LAND SAF FOREST COVER TYPE: UNAVAILABLE NATURAL DIVISION: UNAVAILABLE COUNTIES: ADAMS ALEXANDER BOND BOONE BROWN BUREAU CALHOUN CARROLL CASS CHAMPAIGN CHRISTIAN CLARK CLAY CLINTON COLES COOK CRAWFORD CUMBERLAND DEKALB DEWITT DOUGLAS DUPAGE EDGAR EDWARDS EFFINGHAM FAYETTE FORD FRANKLIN FULTON GALLATIN GREENE GRUNDY HAMILTON HANCOCK HARDIN HENDERSON HENRY IROQUOIS JACKSON JASPER JEFFERSON JERSEY JO DAVIESS JOHNSON KANE KANKAKEE KENDALL KNOX LAKE LASALLE LAWRENCE LEE LIVINGSTON LOGAN MCDONOUGH MCHENRY MCLEAN MACON MACOUPIN MADISON MARION MARSHALL MASON MASSAC MENARD MERCER MONROE MONTGOMERY MORGAN MOULTRIE OGLE PEORIA PERRY PIATT PIKE POPE PULASKI PUTNAM RANDOLPH RICHLAND ROCK ISLAND ST. CLAIR SALINE SANGAMON SCHUYLER SCOTT SHELBY STARK STEPHENSON TAZEWELL UNION VERMILION WABASH WARREN WASHINGTON WAYNE WHITE WHITESIDE WILL WILLIAMSON WINNEBAGO WOODFORD GROWTH FORM: Dicot-herb TAXONOMY COMMENTS: This is including var. glandulosa Neilr. TAXONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS: ROOTS: Primary LEAF ARRANGEMENT: Alternate LEAF TYPE: Compound (trifoliate) LEAF MARGIN: Serrate LEAF VENATION: Pinnate LEAF SHAPE: Obovate INFLORESCENCE: Raceme FLOWER MEROUS: 5 FLOWER STRUCTURE: Complete Irregular FLOWER COLOR: Yellow FLOWER PLACEMENT: Perigynous FRUIT: Legume DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERISTIC COMMENTS: Pod is pubescent, not coiled. GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION: ORIGIN: Introduced- Europe POPULATION DYNAMICS: STATE STATUS: Not listed FEDERAL STATUS: Not listed COMMONNESS: Common ENDEMIC: NOT-ENDEMIC BIOLOGIC: HABIT: Forb LIFE CYCLE: Annual REPRODUCTION: Sexual FLOWERING PERIOD: MONTH BEGINNING- 5 MONTH END- 7 TROPHIC STATUS: Autotrophic C02 FIXATION: C3 SEX: Perfect ECODISTRIBUTION COMMENTS: Specis is distributed as a lawn weed; in meadows. ENVIRONMENTAL RELATIONSHIPS: No data entered FUNCTIONAL RELATIONSHIPS: MYCORRHIZAE: endomycorrhizal NITROGEN FIXING Yes FUNCTIONAL DATA COMMENTS: Species is reported to form nodules. HUMAN RELATIONSHIP DATA: EDIBLE: Yes SHOWY FLOWERS: NO LANDSCAPING: NO WILDLIFE AND LIVESTOCK INFORMATION: FOOD VALUE: No data entered COVER VALUE: No data entered LIVESTOCK PALATABILITY DATA: CATTLE FORAGE: No data SHEEP FORAGE: No data HORSE FORAGE: No data GOAT FORAGE: No data ENERGY VALUE: Medium PROTEIN VALUE: Medium POISONOUS (LIVESTOCK): No data entered REVEGETATION PLANTINGS: WEEDINESS: Economic GENERAL COMMENTS: Species is grown for forage; will inoculate soil for alfalfa. REFERENCES: Mohlenbrock, R. H., ed. 1975. Guide to the vascular flora of Illinois. Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale. 494 pp. Jones, G. N. 1963. Flora of Illinois. Third ed. American Midland Naturalist Monograph 7. University of Notre Dame, Indiana. 401 pp. Steyermark, J. A. 1963. Flora of Missouri. Iowa State University Press, Ames. 1725 pp. Gleason, H. A., and A. Cronquist. 1963. Manual of vascular plants of north- eastern United States and adjacent Canada. Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., New York. 810 pp. Fernald, M. L. 1950. Gray's manual of botany. 8th ed. American Book Co., New York. 1632 pp. Swink, F., and G. S. Wilhelm. 1979. Plants of the Chicago region. Third ed. The Morton Arboretum, Lisle, Illinois. 922 pp. Agricultural Experiment Station. 1981. Weeds of the North Central States. Bulletin 772. College of Agriculture, University of Illinois at Urbana- Champaign, Urbana. 303 pp. Downton, W. J. S. 1975. The occurrence of C4 photosynthesis among plants. Photosynthetica 9(1): 96-105. END OF DATA FOR SPECIES Medicago lupulina ------------------------------------------------------------------------ ILPIN was developed by Louis Iverson*, with data compiled by David Ketzner and Jeanne Karnes Illinois Natural History Survey, 607 E. Peabody Dr., Champaign, IL 61820 *currently employed by USDA Forest Service, 359 Main Rd., Delaware, OH 43015