ILLINOIS PLANT INFORMATION NETWORK
 
 ILPIN INFORMATION ON    Maclura pomifera
 
 
 CLASS:    DICOTYLEDENAE
 ORDER:    UTRICALES
 FAMILY:   MORACEAE
 SCIENTIFIC NAME:  Maclura pomifera
 AUTHORITY:  (Raf.) Schneider
 
 COMMON NAMES:
    HEDGE APPLE
    OSAGE ORANGE
 
 SYNONOMY:   None
 
 PLANTS CODE: MAPO
 
 NATURAL COMMUNITIES:
     CULTURAL
       AGRICULTURAL FIELD
         FIELD DIVISION
       SUCCESSIONAL FIELD
 
 
 SAF FOREST COVER TYPE:
     NO
 
 NATURAL DIVISION:  UNAVAILABLE
 
 COUNTIES:
   ADAMS           ALEXANDER       BOND            BOONE           CALHOUN
   CARROLL         CASS            CHAMPAIGN       CHRISTIAN       CLARK
   CLAY            CLINTON         COLES           COOK            CRAWFORD
   CUMBERLAND      DEKALB          DEWITT          DOUGLAS         DUPAGE
   EDGAR           EDWARDS         EFFINGHAM       FAYETTE         FORD
   FRANKLIN        FULTON          GALLATIN        GREENE          GRUNDY
   HAMILTON        HANCOCK         HARDIN          HENDERSON       IROQUOIS
   JACKSON         JEFFERSON       JERSEY          JOHNSON         KANE
   KANKAKEE        KENDALL         KNOX            LAKE            LAWRENCE
   LEE             LIVINGSTON      LOGAN           MCDONOUGH       MCHENRY
   MCLEAN          MACON           MACOUPIN        MADISON         MARION
   MASON           MASSAC          MENARD          MERCER          MONROE
   MONTGOMERY      MORGAN          MOULTRIE        OGLE            PEORIA
   PERRY           PIATT           PIKE            POPE            PULASKI
   PUTNAM          RANDOLPH        RICHLAND        ROCK ISLAND     ST. CLAIR
   SALINE          SANGAMON        SCHUYLER        SCOTT           SHELBY
   TAZEWELL        UNION           VERMILION       WABASH          WARREN
   WASHINGTON      WAYNE           WHITE           WHITESIDE       WILL
   WILLIAMSON      WINNEBAGO       WOODFORD
 
 GROWTH FORM:  Dicot-woody
 
 TAXONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS:
    ROOTS:  Primary
    LEAF ARRANGEMENT:   Alternate
    LEAF TYPE:   Simple
    LEAF MARGIN:   Entire
    LEAF VENATION:  Pinnate
    LEAF SHAPE:     Ovate
    INFLORESCENCE:   Head
    FLOWER MEROUS:  4
    FLOWER STRUCTURE:   Incomplete  (no petals)
    FRUIT:   Multiple fruit
 
 DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERISTIC COMMENTS:
     Species has spiny branches; long pointed leaves; large,
     spherical, yellow-green fruits; milky sap.
 
 GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION:
     ORIGIN:   Introduced-  N. America
 
 GEOGRAPHIC COMMENTS:
     Species is native to southwest.
 
 POPULATION DYNAMICS:
     STATE STATUS: Not listed
     FEDERAL STATUS: Not listed
     COMMONNESS:  Common
     ENDEMIC:   NOT-ENDEMIC
 
 BIOLOGIC:
     HABIT:   Tree
     LIFE CYCLE:   Perennial
     REPRODUCTION:   Sexual   Vegetative
     FLOWERING PERIOD:
         MONTH BEGINNING-      5         MONTH END-      6
     TROPHIC STATUS:  Autotrophic
     C02 FIXATION:  C3
     SEX:      Unisexual   -dioecious
 
 ECODISTRIBUTION COMMENTS:
     Species is distributed along hedgerows.
 
 ENVIRONMENTAL RELATIONSHIPS:   No data entered
 
 FUNCTIONAL RELATIONSHIPS:
     MAJOR POLLINATION AGENT:   Wind
 
 HUMAN RELATIONSHIP DATA:
     ALLERGENIC:  Maybe
     SHOWY FLOWERS:  YES      AMOUNT:  Low
 
 
 HUMAN FACTOR COMMENTS:
     Species may cause hayfever, also dermatitis from milky sap.
 
 WILDLIFE AND LIVESTOCK INFORMATION:
     FOOD VALUE:
         DEER VALUE:  Unknown
         UPLAND GAME VALUE:    Good   -   Fruit
         WATERFOWL VALUE:  Unknown
         SMALL NON-GAME BIRD VALUE:  Unknown
         SMALL MAMMAL VALUE:  Unknown
         AQUATIC MAMMAL VALUE:  Unknown
         FISH VALUE:  Unknown
     COVER VALUE:  No data entered
 
     WILDLIFE COMMENTS:
         Terrestrial furbearers eat seeds as food.
 
 
 LIVESTOCK PALATABILITY DATA:  No data entered
 
 REVEGETATION PLANTINGS:
     ESTABLISHMENT REQUIREMENTS:  Easy
     SHORT-TERM REVEGETATION POTENTIAL:  Poor
 
     LONG-TERM REVEGETATION POTENTIAL:  Good
     WEEDINESS:   COLONIZING
     SEED AVAILABILITY:   Good
 
 
 
 PROCUREMENT COMMENTS:
     Seed company numbers: 4,20,22,23,25,28,30.
 
 PROPAGATION COMMENTS:
         Form - seedlings, seeds.
 
 
 REFERENCES:
Jones, G. N.  1963.  Flora of Illinois.  Third ed.  American Midland Naturalist
     Monograph 7.  University of Notre Dame, Indiana.  401 pp.
Steyermark, J. A.  1963.  Flora of Missouri.  Iowa State University Press, Ames.
     1725 pp.
Gleason, H. A., and A. Cronquist.  1963.  Manual of vascular plants of north-
     eastern United States and adjacent Canada.  Van Nostrand Reinhold Co.,
     New York.  810 pp.
Swink, F., and G. S. Wilhelm.  1979.  Plants of the Chicago region.  Third ed.
     The Morton Arboretum, Lisle, Illinois.  922 pp.
Mohlenbrock, R. H.  1967-continuing.  The illustrated flora of Illinois.
     Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale.
Anon.  1981.  Illinois plants for habitat restoration.  Illinois Department of
     Conservation, Mining Program.  Springfield, Illinois.  61 pp.
Miller, R. B., and L. R. Tehon.  1929.  The native and naturalized trees of
     Illinois.  Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin 18: 1-340.
Mohlenbrock, R. H.  1980.  Forest trees of Illinois.  Third ed.  Illinois
     Department of Conservation, Division of Forestry, Springfield.  331 pp.
Downton, W. J. S.  1975.  The occurrence of C4 photosynthesis among plants.
     Photosynthetica 9(1): 96-105.
 
 END OF DATA FOR SPECIES  Maclura pomifera
 
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 ILPIN was developed by Louis Iverson*, with data compiled by David Ketzner and Jeanne Karnes
 Illinois Natural History Survey, 607 E. Peabody Dr., Champaign, IL 61820
     *currently employed by USDA Forest Service, 359 Main Rd., Delaware, OH 43015