ILLINOIS PLANT INFORMATION NETWORK
 
 ILPIN INFORMATION ON    Lindera benzoin pubescens
 
 
 CLASS:    DICOTYLEDENAE
 ORDER:    MAGNOLIALES
 FAMILY:   LAURACEAE
 SCIENTIFIC NAME:  Lindera benzoin pubescens
 AUTHORITY:  (L.) Blume
 SUBSPECIFIC AUTHORITY: (Palmer & Steyerm.) Rehd.
 
 COMMON NAMES:
    HAIRY SPICEBUSH
 
 SYNONOMY:
     Benzoin aestivale (L.) Nees var. pubescens Palmer & Steyerm.
 
 PLANTS CODE: LIBE3
 
 NATURAL COMMUNITIES:
     FOREST
       UPLAND FOREST
         WET-MESIC
       FLOODPLAIN FOREST
         MESIC
 
 SAF FOREST COVER TYPE:  UNAVAILABLE
 
 NATURAL DIVISION:  UNAVAILABLE
 
 COUNTIES:
   JACKSON         JOHNSON         UNION
 
 GROWTH FORM:  Dicot-woody
 
 TAXONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS:
    ROOTS:  Primary
    LEAF ARRANGEMENT:   Alternate
    LEAF TYPE:   Simple
    LEAF MARGIN:   Entire
    LEAF VENATION:  Pinnate
    LEAF SHAPE:     Ovate     Obovate
    INFLORESCENCE:   Umbel
    FLOWER MEROUS:  3
    FLOWER STRUCTURE:   Incomplete  (no petals)
    FLOWER COLOR:   Yellow
    FLOWER PLACEMENT:  Hypogynous
    FRUIT:   DRUPE
 
 DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERISTIC COMMENTS:
     Flowers are in nearly sessile clusters from last years nodes
     appearing before the leaves; aromatic twigs, leaves, flowers, and
     fruits; red drupes; leaves and young branchlets pubescent.
 
 GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION:
     ORIGIN:   Native
 
 POPULATION DYNAMICS:
     STATE STATUS: Not listed
     FEDERAL STATUS: Not listed
     COMMONNESS:  Rare
     ENDEMIC:   NOT-ENDEMIC
 
 BIOLOGIC:
     HABIT:   Shrub
     LIFE CYCLE:   Perennial
     REPRODUCTION:   Sexual
     FLOWERING PERIOD:
         MONTH BEGINNING-      3         MONTH END-      4
     TROPHIC STATUS:  Autotrophic
     C02 FIXATION:  C3
     SEX:      Unisexual   -dioecious
 
 ECODISTRIBUTION COMMENTS:
     Species is distributed in swampy woods.
 
 ENVIRONMENTAL RELATIONSHIPS:   No data entered
 
 FUNCTIONAL RELATIONSHIPS:
     MAJOR DISPERSAL AGENTS:   BIRD
 
 
 HUMAN RELATIONSHIP DATA:
     SHOWY FLOWERS:  YES      AMOUNT:  Medium
     LANDSCAPING:  YES     AMOUNT:   High
     WILD HERBS:   Culinary-flavor
 
 HUMAN FACTOR COMMENTS:
     Twigs, leaves, and fruits are used for tea.
 
 WILDLIFE AND LIVESTOCK INFORMATION:
     FOOD VALUE:
         DEER VALUE:    Poor   -   Leaves   Stems
         UPLAND GAME VALUE:    Good   -   Fruit
         WATERFOWL VALUE:  Unknown
         SMALL NON-GAME BIRD VALUE:    Good   -   Fruit
         SMALL MAMMAL VALUE:  Unknown
         AQUATIC MAMMAL VALUE:  Unknown
         FISH VALUE:  Unknown
     COVER VALUE:
         DEER:     Poor
     WATERFOWL:     Poor      SMALL MAMMAL:    Poor
         FISH:     No data     SMALL BIRD:    Poor      UPLAND GAME:     Poor
         AQUATIC MAMMAL:    Poor
 
     WILDLIFE COMMENTS:
         Regarding upland game birds food value, this pertains especially to
         quail, ring-necked pheasant. Regarding small non-game bird food
         value, this pertains especially to woodthrushes, veeries.
 
 
 LIVESTOCK PALATABILITY DATA:  No data entered
 
 REVEGETATION PLANTINGS:
     WEEDINESS:   Non-weedy
     SEED BANK:   Low
 
 
 
 REFERENCES:
Mohlenbrock, R. H., ed.  1975.  Guide to the vascular flora of Illinois.
     Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale.  494 pp.
Jones, G. N.  1963.  Flora of Illinois.  Third ed.  American Midland Naturalist
     Monograph 7.  University of Notre Dame, Indiana.  401 pp.
Steyermark, J. A.  1963.  Flora of Missouri.  Iowa State University Press, Ames.
     1725 pp.
Gleason, H. A., and A. Cronquist.  1963.  Manual of vascular plants of north-
     eastern United States and adjacent Canada.  Van Nostrand Reinhold Co.,
     New York.  810 pp.
Fernald, M. L.  1950.  Gray's manual of botany.  8th ed.  American Book Co.,
     New York.  1632 pp.
Swink, F., and G. S. Wilhelm.  1979.  Plants of the Chicago region.  Third ed.
     The Morton Arboretum, Lisle, Illinois.  922 pp.
Mohlenbrock, R. H.  1967-continuing.  The illustrated flora of Illinois.
     Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale.
Downton, W. J. S.  1975.  The occurrence of C4 photosynthesis among plants.
     Photosynthetica 9(1): 96-105.
 
 END OF DATA FOR SPECIES  Lindera benzoin pubescens
 
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 ILPIN was developed by Louis Iverson*, with data compiled by David Ketzner and Jeanne Karnes
 Illinois Natural History Survey, 607 E. Peabody Dr., Champaign, IL 61820
     *currently employed by USDA Forest Service, 359 Main Rd., Delaware, OH 43015