ILLINOIS PLANT INFORMATION NETWORK
 
 ILPIN INFORMATION ON    Hordeum jubatum
 
 
 CLASS:    MONOCOTYLEDENAE
 ORDER:    CYPERALES
 FAMILY:   POACEAE
 SCIENTIFIC NAME:  Hordeum jubatum
 AUTHORITY:  L.
 
 COMMON NAMES:
    FOX-TAIL BARLEY
    SQUIRREL-TAIL
 
 SYNONOMY:   None
 
 PLANTS CODE: HOJU
 
 NATURAL COMMUNITIES:
     WETLAND
       MARSH
         BRACKISH
     CULTURAL
       AGRICULTURAL FIELD
         PASTURELAND
       SUCCESSIONAL FIELD
       DEVELOPED LAND
       PLANTATION
       RESTORATION
       MINED LAND
 
 
 SAF FOREST COVER TYPE:
     NO
 
 NATURAL DIVISION:  UNAVAILABLE
 
 COUNTIES:
   ADAMS           BOND            BOONE           BROWN           BUREAU
   CALHOUN         CARROLL         CASS            CHAMPAIGN       CHRISTIAN
   CLARK           CLINTON         COLES           COOK            CRAWFORD
   CUMBERLAND      DEKALB          DEWITT          DOUGLAS         DUPAGE
   EDGAR           EDWARDS         FAYETTE         FORD            FRANKLIN
   FULTON          GREENE          GRUNDY          HAMILTON        HANCOCK
   HENDERSON       HENRY           IROQUOIS        JACKSON         JERSEY
   JO DAVIESS      KANE            KANKAKEE        KENDALL         KNOX
   LAKE            LASALLE         LAWRENCE        LEE             LIVINGSTON
   LOGAN           MCDONOUGH       MCHENRY         MCLEAN          MACON
   MACOUPIN        MADISON         MARION          MARSHALL        MASON
   MASSAC          MENARD          MERCER          MONTGOMERY      MORGAN
   MOULTRIE        OGLE            PEORIA          PERRY           PIATT
   PIKE            PUTNAM          ROCK ISLAND     ST. CLAIR       SANGAMON
   SCHUYLER        SCOTT           SHELBY          STARK           STEPHENSON
   TAZEWELL        VERMILION       WARREN          WASHINGTON      WHITESIDE
   WILL            WINNEBAGO       WOODFORD
 
 GROWTH FORM:  Monocot
 
 TAXONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS:
    ROOTS:  Adventitious   (fibrous)
    LEAF ARRANGEMENT:   Alternate
    LEAF TYPE:   Simple
    LEAF MARGIN:   Entire
    LEAF VENATION:  Parallel
    LEAF SHAPE:     Linear
    INFLORESCENCE:   Spike
    FLOWER MEROUS:  3
    FLOWER STRUCTURE:   Complete
    FLOWER PLACEMENT:  Hypogynous
    FRUIT:   Grain
 
 DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERISTIC COMMENTS:
     Species is densely tufted. It has long-awned spikelets which make
     this "one of the most attractive grasses in Illinois. Young
     inflorescences sometimes are a beautiful rose-purple.
 
 GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION:
     ORIGIN:   Native
 
 POPULATION DYNAMICS:
     STATE STATUS: Not listed
     FEDERAL STATUS: Not listed
     COMMONNESS:  Common
     ENDEMIC:   NOT-ENDEMIC
 
 BIOLOGIC:
     HABIT:   Grasslike
     LIFE CYCLE:   Perennial
     REPRODUCTION:   Sexual
     FLOWERING PERIOD:
         MONTH BEGINNING-      6         MONTH END-      9
     TROPHIC STATUS:  Autotrophic
     C02 FIXATION:  C3
     SEX:      Perfect         Other
 
 BIOLOGIC COMMENTS:
     Lateral spikelets are pedicellate and of only awns.
 
 ECODISTRIBUTION COMMENTS:
     Species is distributed along highways, in weedy habitats. It is
     also found along railroads, tolerant of salinity and silting (as
     along highways).
 
 ENVIRONMENTAL RELATIONSHIPS:   No data entered
 
 FUNCTIONAL RELATIONSHIPS:
     NITROGEN FIXING   No
 HUMAN RELATIONSHIP DATA:
     ALLERGENIC:  Yes
     EDIBLE:  Yes
 
 
 WILDLIFE AND LIVESTOCK INFORMATION:
     FOOD VALUE:  No data entered
     COVER VALUE:  No data entered
 
 LIVESTOCK PALATABILITY DATA:
     CATTLE FORAGE: No data    SHEEP FORAGE:  No data    HORSE FORAGE:  No data
     GOAT FORAGE:   No data    ENERGY VALUE:  Medium     PROTEIN VALUE: Low
     POISONOUS (LIVESTOCK):     -mechanical injury
 
 LIVESTOCK COMMENTS:
     Awns can injure mouth and eyes. It may be poisonous
     from fungus or from nitrates.
 
 REVEGETATION PLANTINGS:
     WEEDINESS:   Economic
 
 
 PROPAGATION COMMENTS:
         This is a troublesome weed, especially in irrigated meadows.
 
 
 REFERENCES:
Steyermark, J. A.  1963.  Flora of Missouri.  Iowa State University Press, Ames.
     1725 pp.
Swink, F., and G. S. Wilhelm.  1979.  Plants of the Chicago region.  Third ed.
     The Morton Arboretum, Lisle, Illinois.  922 pp.
Mohlenbrock, R. H.  1967-continuing.  The illustrated flora of Illinois.
     Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale.
Agricultural Experiment Station.  1981.  Weeds of the North Central States.
     Bulletin 772.  College of Agriculture, University of Illinois at Urbana-
     Champaign, Urbana.  303 pp.
 
 OTHER REFERENCES:
     Hitchcock, A.S. 1950. A Manual of the Grasses of the United States.
          United States Government Printing Office. Washington, D.C.
          1051 pp.
 
 END OF DATA FOR SPECIES  Hordeum jubatum
 
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 ILPIN was developed by Louis Iverson*, with data compiled by David Ketzner and Jeanne Karnes
 Illinois Natural History Survey, 607 E. Peabody Dr., Champaign, IL 61820
     *currently employed by USDA Forest Service, 359 Main Rd., Delaware, OH 43015