ILLINOIS PLANT INFORMATION NETWORK
 
 ILPIN INFORMATION ON    Acer nigrum
 
 
 CLASS:    DICOTYLEDENAE
 ORDER:    SAPINDALES
 FAMILY:   ACERACEAE
 SCIENTIFIC NAME:  Acer nigrum
 AUTHORITY:  Michx. f.
 
 COMMON NAMES:
    BLACK MAPLE
 
 SYNONOMY:
     Acer saccharum Marsh. ssp. nigrum (Michx. f.) Desmarais
     Acer saccharum Marsh. var. nigrum (Michx. f.) Small
 
 PLANTS CODE: ACSAN
 
 NATURAL COMMUNITIES:
     FOREST
       UPLAND FOREST
         MESIC
       FLOODPLAIN FOREST
         MESIC
     WETLAND
       BORDER OF LAKE
     CULTURAL
       RESTORATION
         FOREST
 
 SAF FOREST COVER TYPE:  UNAVAILABLE
 
 NATURAL DIVISION:  UNAVAILABLE
 
 COUNTIES:
   ADAMS           BUREAU          CALHOUN         CHAMPAIGN       CLARK
   COLES           COOK            CRAWFORD        DEKALB          DUPAGE
   EDGAR           EFFINGHAM       FAYETTE         GREENE          GRUNDY
   HANCOCK         HENDERSON       JERSEY          JO DAVIESS      KANE
   KENDALL         LAKE            LIVINGSTON      LOGAN           MCDONOUGH
   MCHENRY         MCLEAN          MACOUPIN        MARION          PEORIA
   POPE            SANGAMON        SCHUYLER        SHELBY          STARK
   STEPHENSON      VERMILION       WARREN          WILL            WINNEBAGO
 
 
 GROWTH FORM:  Dicot-woody
 
 TAXONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS:
    ROOTS:  Primary
    LEAF ARRANGEMENT:     Opposite
    LEAF TYPE:   Simple
    LEAF MARGIN:   Serrate   Lobed  (palmately)
    LEAF VENATION:  Palmate
    LEAF SHAPE:       Orbicular
    INFLORESCENCE:   Umbel
    FLOWER MEROUS:  5
    FLOWER STRUCTURE:   Incomplete  (no petals)
    FLOWER COLOR:   Yellow
    FLOWER PLACEMENT:  Perigynous
    FRUIT:   Samara
 
 DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERISTIC COMMENTS:
     Leaves are velvety-hairy beneath, commonly with somewhat decurved or
     drooping sides with rounded teeth nearly as broad as long.
 
 GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION:
     ORIGIN:   Native
 
 POPULATION DYNAMICS:
     STATE STATUS: Not listed
     FEDERAL STATUS: Not listed
     COMMONNESS:  Common
     ENDEMIC:   NOT-ENDEMIC
 
 BIOLOGIC:
     HABIT:   Tree
     LIFE CYCLE:   Perennial
     REPRODUCTION:   Sexual
     FLOWERING PERIOD:
         MONTH BEGINNING-      5        MONTH IN MODE-      5         MONTH END-      5
     TROPHIC STATUS:  Autotrophic
     C02 FIXATION:  C3
     SEX:      Perfect     Unisexual   -dioecious
 
 BIOLOGIC COMMENTS:
     Species may also be monoecious.
 
 ECODISTRIBUTION COMMENTS:
     Species is distributed in rich woods; often on floodplains;
     ravines; valleys; near streams.
 
 ENVIRONMENTAL RELATIONSHIPS:   No data entered
 
 ENVIRONMENTAL RELATIONS COMMENTS:
     alluvial to calcareous
 
 
 FUNCTIONAL RELATIONSHIPS:
     MAJOR DISPERSAL AGENTS:   WIND
     MAJOR POLLINATION AGENT:   INSECT
 
 HUMAN RELATIONSHIP DATA:
     EDIBLE:  Yes
     SHOWY FLOWERS:  YES      AMOUNT:  Low
 
 
 HUMAN FACTOR COMMENTS:
     Sap is used for maple sugar.
 
 WILDLIFE AND LIVESTOCK INFORMATION:
     FOOD VALUE:
         DEER VALUE:    Good   -   Leaves   Stems
         UPLAND GAME VALUE:    Good   -   Fruit   Buds
         WATERFOWL VALUE:  Unknown
         SMALL NON-GAME BIRD VALUE:    Good   -   Fruit   Flowers   Buds
         SMALL MAMMAL VALUE:    Good   -   Fruit
         AQUATIC MAMMAL VALUE:  Unknown
         FISH VALUE:  Unknown
     COVER VALUE:
         DEER:     No data     WATERFOWL:    No data   SMALL MAMMAL:   No data
         FISH:     No data     SMALL BIRD:    Good      UPLAND GAME:    No data
         AQUATIC MAMMAL: No data
 
     WILDLIFE COMMENTS:
         Terrestrial furbearers (esp. squirrels) eat seeds, flowers, bark,
         and twigs.
         Concerning non-game bird food value, the pertains especially
         to evening grosbeaks.
 
 
 LIVESTOCK PALATABILITY DATA:  No data entered
 
 REVEGETATION PLANTINGS:
     ESTABLISHMENT REQUIREMENTS:  Easy
     SHORT-TERM REVEGETATION POTENTIAL:  Poor
 
     LONG-TERM REVEGETATION POTENTIAL:  Good
     WEEDINESS:   Non-weedy
     SEED AVAILABILITY:   Good
 
 
 
 PROCUREMENT COMMENTS:
     Seed company numbers: 2,14.
 
 PROPAGATION COMMENTS:
         Species is form-balled and burlapped.
 
 
 REFERENCES:
Jones, G. N.  1963.  Flora of Illinois.  Third ed.  American Midland Naturalist
     Monograph 7.  University of Notre Dame, Indiana.  401 pp.
Steyermark, J. A.  1963.  Flora of Missouri.  Iowa State University Press, Ames.
     1725 pp.
Gleason, H. A., and A. Cronquist.  1963.  Manual of vascular plants of north-
     eastern United States and adjacent Canada.  Van Nostrand Reinhold Co.,
     New York.  810 pp.
Swink, F., and G. S. Wilhelm.  1979.  Plants of the Chicago region.  Third ed.
     The Morton Arboretum, Lisle, Illinois.  922 pp.
Anon.  1981.  Illinois plants for habitat restoration.  Illinois Department of
     Conservation, Mining Program.  Springfield, Illinois.  61 pp.
Miller, R. B., and L. R. Tehon.  1929.  The native and naturalized trees of
     Illinois.  Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin 18: 1-340.
Porter, C. L.  1967.  Taxonomy of flowering plants.  W. H. Freeman and
     Company, San Francisco.  472 pp.
Mohlenbrock, R. H.  1980.  Forest trees of Illinois.  Third ed.  Illinois
     Department of Conservation, Division of Forestry, Springfield.  331 pp.
Meeuse, B. J. D.  1961.  The story of pollination.  Ronald Press Company,
     New York.  243 pp.
 
 END OF DATA FOR SPECIES  Acer nigrum
 
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 ILPIN was developed by Louis Iverson*, with data compiled by David Ketzner and Jeanne Karnes
 Illinois Natural History Survey, 607 E. Peabody Dr., Champaign, IL 61820
     *currently employed by USDA Forest Service, 359 Main Rd., Delaware, OH 43015