ILLINOIS PLANT INFORMATION NETWORK
 
 ILPIN INFORMATION ON    Eleocharis parvula
 
 
 CLASS:    MONOCOTYLEDENAE
 ORDER:    CYPERALES
 FAMILY:   CYPERACEAE
 SCIENTIFIC NAME:  Eleocharis parvula
 AUTHORITY:  (Roem. & Schultes) Link
 
 COMMON NAMES:
    DWARF SPIKESEDGE
    SPIKERUSH
 
 SYNONOMY:   None
 
 PLANTS CODE: ELPA5
 
 NATURAL COMMUNITIES:
     WETLAND
       MARSH
         BRACKISH
       BORDER OF LAKE
     LAKE AND POND
       LAKE
         ARTIFICIAL IMPOUNDMN
 
 
 SAF FOREST COVER TYPE:
     NO
 
 
 NATURAL DIVISION:
     Grand Prairie
        Grand Prairie
     Southern Till Plain
        Effingham Plain
 
 COUNTIES:
   COLES           EFFINGHAM
 
 GROWTH FORM:  Monocot
 
 TAXONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS:
    ROOTS:  Adventitious   (stolons)   (tubers)
    LEAF ARRANGEMENT:   Alternate
    LEAF TYPE:   Simple
    LEAF MARGIN:   Entire
    LEAF VENATION:  Parallel
    LEAF SHAPE:       Other
    INFLORESCENCE:   Head  Other
    FLOWER STRUCTURE:   Complete   Incomplete  (no petals)  (no sepals)   Regular
    FLOWER PLACEMENT:  Hypogynous
    FRUIT:   Achene
 
 DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERISTIC COMMENTS:
     Densly tufted;  spikelets ovoid, somewhat flattened;  scales ovate
     absent leaves reduced to bladeless sheaths
     minutely triangular tubercle;  achene trigonous;  bristles occasionally
 
 GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION:
     ORIGIN:   Native
 
 POPULATION DYNAMICS:
     STATE STATUS: Not listed
     FEDERAL STATUS: Not listed
     COMMONNESS:  Rare
     ENDEMIC:   NOT-ENDEMIC
 
 BIOLOGIC:
     HABIT:   Grasslike
     LIFE CYCLE:   Perennial   Annual
     REPRODUCTION:   Sexual   Vegetative
     TROPHIC STATUS:  Autotrophic
     C02 FIXATION:  C3
     SEX:      Perfect
 
 ENVIRONMENTAL RELATIONSHIPS:
     GROWTH OF SPECIES IN VARIOUS CONDITIONS:
          GRAVEL         No data entered    SAND           No data entered
          SANDY LOAM     No data entered    LOAM           No data entered
          CLAY LOAM      No data entered    CLAY           No data entered
          DENSE CLAY     No data entered    ORGANIC SOIL   No data entered
          NEUTRAL pH     No data entered    ACIDIC SOIL    No data entered
          EXTREMELY ACID No data entered    SALINE SOIL    Good
          SODIC SOIL     No data entered    SODIC-SALINE   No data entered
          ROCKY OUTCROPS No data entered    GENTLE SLOPES  No data entered
          MODERATE SLOPE No data entered    STEEP SLOPES   No data entered
     HABITAT:   Wet   Moist
 
 FUNCTIONAL RELATIONSHIPS:
     MAJOR DISPERSAL AGENTS:   WATER   WIND
     MAJOR POLLINATION AGENT:   Wind
     MYCORRHIZAE:   no
 
 HUMAN RELATIONSHIP DATA:
     SHOWY FLOWERS:  NO     LANDSCAPING:  NO
 
 WILDLIFE AND LIVESTOCK INFORMATION:   No data entered
 
 REVEGETATION PLANTINGS:
     WEEDINESS:   Non-weedy
 
 
 
 REFERENCES:
Gleason, H. A., and A. Cronquist.  1963.  Manual of vascular plants of north-
     eastern United States and adjacent Canada.  Van Nostrand Reinhold Co.,
     New York.  810 pp.
Swink, F., and G. S. Wilhelm.  1979.  Plants of the Chicago region.  Third ed.
     The Morton Arboretum, Lisle, Illinois.  922 pp.
Mohlenbrock, R. H.  1967-continuing.  The illustrated flora of Illinois.
     Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale.
Schwegman, J. E., G. D. Fell, M. Hutchison, G. Paulson, W. M. Shepherd, and
     J. White.  1973.  Comprehensive plan for the Illinois Nature Preserves
     System.  Part 2 - The Natural Divisions of Illinois.  Illinois Nature
     Preserves Commission, Springfield.  32 pp., plus map.
Porter, C. L.  1967.  Taxonomy of flowering plants.  W. H. Freeman and
     Company, San Francisco.  472 pp.
Gleason, H. A.  1952.  The new Britton and Brown illustrated flora of the
     northeastern United States and adjacent Canada.  3 vols.  The New York
     Botanical Garden, New York.
Sheviak, C. J.  1981.  Endangered and threatened plants.  Pages 70-179 in M.
     L. Bowles, V. E. Diersing, and J. E. Ebinger, eds., Endangered and
     threatened vertebrate animals and vascular plants of Illinois.  Illinois
     Department of Conservation, Springfield.
Downton, W. J. S.  1975.  The occurrence of C4 photosynthesis among plants.
     Photosynthetica 9(1): 96-105.
Proctor, M.  and P. Yeo.  1972.  The pollination of flowers.  Taplinger
     Publishing Company, New York.
 
 END OF DATA FOR SPECIES  Eleocharis parvula
 
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 ILPIN was developed by Louis Iverson*, with data compiled by David Ketzner and Jeanne Karnes
 Illinois Natural History Survey, 607 E. Peabody Dr., Champaign, IL 61820
     *currently employed by USDA Forest Service, 359 Main Rd., Delaware, OH 43015