ILLINOIS PLANT INFORMATION NETWORK
 
 ILPIN INFORMATION ON    Dicentra cucullaria
 
 
 CLASS:    DICOTYLEDENAE
 ORDER:    PAPAVERALES
 FAMILY:   PAPAVERACEAE
 SCIENTIFIC NAME:  Dicentra cucullaria
 AUTHORITY:  (L.) Bernh.
 
 COMMON NAMES:
    DUTCHMAN'S-BREECHES
 
 SYNONOMY:   None
 
 PLANTS CODE: DICU
 
 NATURAL COMMUNITIES:
     FOREST
       UPLAND FOREST
         MESIC
 
 
 SAF FOREST COVER TYPE:
     NORTHERN
       Northern Hardwoods
           Sugar Maple-Basswood
           Beech - Sugar Maple
 
 NATURAL DIVISION:  UNAVAILABLE
 
 COUNTIES:
   ADAMS           ALEXANDER       BOND            BOONE           BROWN
   BUREAU          CALHOUN         CARROLL         CASS            CHAMPAIGN
   CHRISTIAN       CLARK           CLAY            COLES           COOK
   CRAWFORD        CUMBERLAND      DEKALB          DEWITT          DOUGLAS
   DUPAGE          EDGAR           EDWARDS         EFFINGHAM       FAYETTE
   FRANKLIN        FULTON          GREENE          GRUNDY          HAMILTON
   HANCOCK         HARDIN          HENDERSON       HENRY           JACKSON
   JASPER          JEFFERSON       JERSEY          JO DAVIESS      JOHNSON
   KANE            KANKAKEE        KENDALL         KNOX            LAKE
   LASALLE         LAWRENCE        LEE             LIVINGSTON      LOGAN
   MCDONOUGH       MCHENRY         MCLEAN          MACON           MACOUPIN
   MARION          MARSHALL        MASON           MASSAC          MENARD
   MERCER          MONROE          MONTGOMERY      MORGAN          MOULTRIE
   OGLE            PEORIA          PERRY           PIATT           PIKE
   POPE            PULASKI         PUTNAM          RANDOLPH        RICHLAND
   ROCK ISLAND     ST. CLAIR       SALINE          SANGAMON        SCHUYLER
   SCOTT           SHELBY          STARK           STEPHENSON      TAZEWELL
   UNION           VERMILION       WABASH          WARREN          WASHINGTON
   WAYNE           WHITE           WHITESIDE       WILL            WILLIAMSON
   WINNEBAGO       WOODFORD
 
 GROWTH FORM:  Dicot-herb
 
 TAXONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS:
    ROOTS:  Adventitious   (tubers)
    LEAF ARRANGEMENT:    Basal
    LEAF TYPE:    Compound  (trifoliate)
    LEAF MARGIN:   Lobed  (pinnately)
    LEAF VENATION:  Pinnate
 
    INFLORESCENCE:   Raceme
    FLOWER MEROUS:  Other
    FLOWER STRUCTURE:   Complete   Irregular
    FLOWER COLOR:   Red   White
    FLOWER PLACEMENT:  Hypogynous
    FRUIT:   Capsule
 
 DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERISTIC COMMENTS:
     Species is 2-merous.
 
 GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION:
     ORIGIN:   Native
 
 POPULATION DYNAMICS:
     STATE STATUS: Not listed
     FEDERAL STATUS: Not listed
     COMMONNESS:  Common
     ENDEMIC:   NOT-ENDEMIC
 
 BIOLOGIC:
     HABIT:   Forb
     LIFE CYCLE:   Perennial
     REPRODUCTION:   Sexual   Vegetative
     FLOWERING PERIOD:
         MONTH BEGINNING-      4         MONTH END-      5
     TROPHIC STATUS:  Autotrophic
     C02 FIXATION:  C3
     SEX:      Perfect
 
 ECODISTRIBUTION COMMENTS:
     Species is distributed in valleys; ravine bottoms; ledges along streams.
 
 ENVIRONMENTAL RELATIONSHIPS:   No data entered
 
 FUNCTIONAL RELATIONSHIPS:
     MAJOR DISPERSAL AGENTS:   INSECT
     MYCORRHIZAE:   no
 
 
 FUNCTIONAL DATA COMMENTS:
     Seeds are dispersed by ants (Handel et al., 1981).
 HUMAN RELATIONSHIP DATA:
     EDIBLE:  Poisonous
     SHOWY FLOWERS:  YES      AMOUNT:  High
 
 
 WILDLIFE AND LIVESTOCK INFORMATION:
     FOOD VALUE:  No data entered
     COVER VALUE:  No data entered
 
 LIVESTOCK PALATABILITY DATA:
     CATTLE FORAGE: No data    SHEEP FORAGE:  No data    HORSE FORAGE:  No data
     GOAT FORAGE:   No data    ENERGY VALUE:  No data    PROTEIN VALUE: No data
     POISONOUS (LIVESTOCK):   Yes
 
 REVEGETATION PLANTINGS:
     WEEDINESS:   Non-weedy
 
 
 
 REFERENCES:
Mohlenbrock, R. H., ed.  1975.  Guide to the vascular flora of Illinois.
     Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale.  494 pp.
Jones, G. N.  1963.  Flora of Illinois.  Third ed.  American Midland Naturalist
     Monograph 7.  University of Notre Dame, Indiana.  401 pp.
Steyermark, J. A.  1963.  Flora of Missouri.  Iowa State University Press, Ames.
     1725 pp.
Gleason, H. A., and A. Cronquist.  1963.  Manual of vascular plants of north-
     eastern United States and adjacent Canada.  Van Nostrand Reinhold Co.,
     New York.  810 pp.
Fernald, M. L.  1950.  Gray's manual of botany.  8th ed.  American Book Co.,
     New York.  1632 pp.
Swink, F., and G. S. Wilhelm.  1979.  Plants of the Chicago region.  Third ed.
     The Morton Arboretum, Lisle, Illinois.  922 pp.
Mohlenbrock, R. H.  1967-continuing.  The illustrated flora of Illinois.
     Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale.
Downton, W. J. S.  1975.  The occurrence of C4 photosynthesis among plants.
     Photosynthetica 9(1): 96-105.
 
 OTHER REFERENCES:
     Handel, S. N., S. B. Fisch, and G. E. Schatz.  1981.  Ants disperse a
          majority of herbs in a mesic forest community in New York State.
          Torrey Botanical Club Bulletin 108: 430-437.
 
 END OF DATA FOR SPECIES  Dicentra cucullaria
 
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 ILPIN was developed by Louis Iverson*, with data compiled by David Ketzner and Jeanne Karnes
 Illinois Natural History Survey, 607 E. Peabody Dr., Champaign, IL 61820
     *currently employed by USDA Forest Service, 359 Main Rd., Delaware, OH 43015