Answers for Tutorial

1. What are the 4 main types of reviews available in FEIS?
   a) Animals
   b) Lichens
   c) Plants
   d) Fire Studies

2. You find the word "caudex" in a species review. What does it mean? Locate the Glossary on the System Information sidebar and look it up:
Caudex - the persistent and often woody base of an herbaceous perennial (Harris and Harris 2001)

3. Suppose you need information on the Clark's nutcracker. Use the search engine on the FEIS Home Page to find the Clark's nutcracker species review. Who wrote it? Nancy McMurray
When was this individual species review written? 2008

4. Look at the Table of Contents in the Clark's nutcracker review, where it says "Distribution and occurrence." Click on that link. Does the Clark's nutcracker occur in Idaho? Yes

5. In what 3 National Forests has prescribed fire been used in improve Clark's nutcracker habitat? (In the "Fire Effects and Use" section, use your browser's "edit-find" command and search for "National Forest".)
Salmon-Challis NF          Bitterroot NF          Lolo NF

6. Go back to the Home Page FEIS Reviews sidebar; choose "Animal species," then "Reptiles" to find the desert tortoise species review.
What is the tortoise's federal legal status? Threatened

7. Find the bison review. Find "Fire case studies" for bison.
What is the location of this study? Wind cave National Park, SD
What time of year was burning conducted? fall (17 October 1979)
How did the fire affect bison in the postfire year 1?
Bison preferred feeding on burned sites in the 1st postfire year.

8. From the FEIS Home Page, click on "Plant Species" and view the list of Plant Species Life Forms (Tree, Shrub, etc. "Graminoid" means "grasslike.") How many life forms or kinds of plants are described in FEIS? 9

9. How many cactus species are reviewed in FEIS? 9

10. List 1 kind of animal that eats plains prickly-pear: black-tailed prairie dog, pronghorn, or various others listed in "Importance to Livestock and Wildlife"

11. Find the 4-species review for saltcedar and other Tamarix species.
Are they trees, shrubs, or occur as either trees or shrubs? Trees and shrubs

12. Does saltcedar sprout after fire? Yes
Who says so? List the author(s) and date for one reference cited for that fact:
Brotherson, Jack D.; Field, Dean. 1987; or Gary, Howard L.; Horton, Jerome S. 1965; Busch, David E. 1995; or Stevens, Lawrence E. 1989; or Fox, Russell; Mitchell, Rob; Davin, Mike. 2001

13. Go to the "Tree list" under "Plant Species Life Form". Can you find Rocky Mountain maple there? Yes
What are 2 ways it regenerates after fire? By prolific sprouting and from wind-dispersed seed

14. Under "Plant species" on the Home Page sidebar, click on "Invasive plants"; then on "FEIS Invasive Plants List" to find the review for spotted knapweed. Under the "edit" menu, use "find" or "search" to locate every time "fire regime" is mentioned.
How many times? 6
In what section? Fire Ecology

15. Find the review for interior ponderosa pine.
What is the scientific name of this variety? Pinus ponderosa var. scopulorum
It has 3 Fire Case Studies. Where are the locations of the 3 studies? southern Black Hills of SD, southwestern CO, and north-central AZ

16. Find the species review for Elymus lanceolatus
What are its common names?
thickspike wheatgrass, northern wheatgrass, or streambank wheatgrass
Is this species tolerant of fire? Yes
How long after burning before it begins to increase? 1-5 years
Who says so? Give author name(s) and date for reference(s):
Blaisdell 1953; Humphrey 1984; or Smith, M. and others 1985; or Wright, H.A. and others 1979; or Young, J. A. and others 1969.

17. From the sidebar, go to the "Fire Studies" menu and click on "FEIS Fire Studies List". Select the review that gives fire information about ponderosa pine communities in northern Idaho. Scroll down to the 1st table under "Fire-adapted species" and name a shrub that increased in cover after low-intensity fire compared to no fire (unburned) or high-intensity fire.
Oregon-grape or chokecherry.

18. Suppose you need to cite FEIS in a report. It is best to cite reviews individually. Look in the middle of the Home Page for an example citation.
The example species changes regularly as FEIS is updated. As of January 18, 2012, it was elk (Cervis canadensis), published in 2012.

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