SPECIES:  Gentiana glauca

• Introductory
• Distribution and Occurrence
• Management Considerations
• Botanical and Ecological Characteristics
• Fire Ecology
• Fire Effects
• References

Introductory
SPECIES: Gentiana glauca



AUTHORSHIP AND CITATION : 
Williams, Tara Y. 1990. Gentiana glauca. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. 
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, 
Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). 
Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/ [].




ABBREVIATION : 
GENGLA

SYNONYMS : 
NO-ENTRY


SCS PLANT CODE : 
   GEGL


COMMON NAMES : 
   glaucous gentian
   bluegreen gentian


TAXONOMY : 
The currently accepted scientific name of glaucous gentian is Gentiana
glauca Pall.


LIFE FORM : 
Forb

FEDERAL LEGAL STATUS : 
No special status

OTHER STATUS : 
Glaucous gentian is apparently secure globally but is critically
imperiled in Montana [11].  In Washington it is listed as sensitive
(i.e. vulnerable or declining) [13].

DISTRIBUTION AND OCCURRENCE
SPECIES: Gentiana glauca



GENERAL DISTRIBUTION : 
Glaucous gentian is distributed from Alaska and the Yukon Territory
south to Washington and in the Rocky Mountains to Montana.  It also
occurs in eastern Asia [3,5,9].

Occurrence in Glacier National Park:  Sperry Glacier [12].


ECOSYSTEMS : 
   FRES37  Mountain meadows
   FRES44  Alpine


STATES : 
     AK  MT  WA  AB  BC  YT



BLM PHYSIOGRAPHIC REGIONS : 
    2  Cascade Mountains
    8  Northern Rocky Mountains


KUCHLER PLANT ASSOCIATIONS : 
   K052  Alpine meadows and barren


SAF COVER TYPES : 
NO-ENTRY


SRM (RANGELAND) COVER TYPES : 
NO-ENTRY


HABITAT TYPES AND PLANT COMMUNITIES : 
NO-ENTRY

MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS
SPECIES: Gentiana glauca





IMPORTANCE TO LIVESTOCK AND WILDLIFE : 
NO-ENTRY


PALATABILITY : 
NO-ENTRY


NUTRITIONAL VALUE : 
NO-ENTRY


COVER VALUE : 
NO-ENTRY


VALUE FOR REHABILITATION OF DISTURBED SITES : 
NO-ENTRY


OTHER USES AND VALUES : 
NO-ENTRY


OTHER MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS : 
NO-ENTRY

BOTANICAL AND ECOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS
SPECIES: Gentiana glauca



GENERAL BOTANICAL CHARACTERISTICS : 
Glaucous gentian is a native perennial which grows 1 to 6 inches (3-15
cm) tall.  It has creeping rootstocks and basal leaves which form small
rosettes.  The flowers are dark blue or greenish blue and up to 1 inch
(1-2 cm) across [5,9,12].


RAUNKIAER LIFE FORM : 
   Hemicryptophyte


REGENERATION PROCESSES : 
Glaucous gentian spreads vegetatively by its rootstocks [5] and can also
reproduce sexually by seed [2].


SITE CHARACTERISTICS : 
Glaucous gentian is a tundra species that grows on moist subalpine and
alpine banks, ledges, sphagnum bogs, and meadows.  It grows in boggy
soil near or above timberline.  Glaucous gentian was part of a sedge
(Carex spp.)-dominated community that had been disrupted by frost
heaving [3].  Other associates include swamp laurel (Kalmia polifolia)
and yellow heather (Phyllodoce glandulifera) [5,8,9,11].  Glaucous
gentian occurs at elevations of 7,700 feet (2,485 m) in Montana [11],
5,890 feet (1,900 m) in Washington [3], and up to at least 4,930 feet
(1,500 m) in Alaska [6].


SUCCESSIONAL STATUS : 
NO-ENTRY


SEASONAL DEVELOPMENT : 
Glaucous gentian flowers from July through September in the Pacific
Northwest [5].

FIRE ECOLOGY
SPECIES: Gentiana glauca



FIRE ECOLOGY OR ADAPTATIONS : 
NO-ENTRY


POSTFIRE REGENERATION STRATEGY : 
NO-ENTRY

FIRE EFFECTS
SPECIES: Gentiana glauca



IMMEDIATE FIRE EFFECT ON PLANT : 
NO-ENTRY


DISCUSSION AND QUALIFICATION OF FIRE EFFECT : 
NO-ENTRY


PLANT RESPONSE TO FIRE : 
NO-ENTRY


DISCUSSION AND QUALIFICATION OF PLANT RESPONSE : 
NO-ENTRY


FIRE MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS : 
NO-ENTRY

REFERENCES
SPECIES: Gentiana glauca



REFERENCES : 

 .  Bernard, Stephen R.; Brown, Kenneth F. 1977. Distribution of mammals,
       reptiles, and amphibians by BLM physiographic regions and A.W. Kuchler's
       associations for the eleven western states. Tech. Note 301. Denver, CO:
       U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management. 169 p. 
       [434]

 .  Dittberner, Phillip L.; Olson, Michael R. 1983. The plant information
       network (PIN) data base: Colorado, Montana, North Dakota, Utah, and
       Wyoming. FWS/OBS-83/86. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of the Interior,
       Fish and Wildlife Service. 786 p.  [806]

 .  Douglas, Geroge W.; Taylor, Ronald J. 1970. Contributions to the flora
       of Washington. Rhodora. 72: 496-501.  [13461]

 .  Garrison, George A.; Bjugstad, Ardell J.; Duncan, Don A.; [and others].
       1977. Vegetation and environmental features of forest and range
       ecosystems. Agric. Handb. 475. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of
       Agriculture, Forest Service. 68 p.  [998]

 .  Hitchcock, C. Leo; Cronquist, Arthur; Ownbey, Marion. 1959. Vascular
       plants of the Pacific Northwest. Part 4: Ericaceae through
       Campanulaceae. Seattle, WA: University of Washington Press. 510 p. 
       [1170]

 .  Hulten, Eric. 1968. Flora of Alaska and neighboring territories.
       Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press. 1008 p.  [13403]

 .  Kuchler, A. W. 1964. Manual to accompany the map of potential vegetation
       of the conterminous United States. Special Publication No. 36. New York:
       American Geographical Society. 77 p.  [1384]

 .  Lesica, Peter. 1984. Rare vascular plants of Glacier National Park,
       Montana. Missoula, MT: University of Montana, Department of Botany. 27
       p.  [12049]

 .  Moss, E. H. 1955. The vegetation of Alberta. Botanical Review. 21(9):
       493-567.  [6878]

.  Raunkiaer, C. 1934. The life forms of plants and statistical plant
       geography. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 632 p.  [2843]

.  Shelly, J. Stephen, compiler. 1990. Plant species of special concern.
       Helena, MT: Montana Natural Heritage Program. 20 p.  [12960]

.  Standley, Paul C. 1921. Flora of Glacier National Park, Montana.
       Contributions from the United States National Herbarium. Vol. 22, Part
       5. Washington, DC: United States National Museum, Smithsonian
       Institution: 235-438.  [12318]

.  Washington Natural Heritage Program. 1990. Endangered, threatened and
       sensitive vascular plants of Washington. Olympia, WA: Washington State
       Department of Natural Resources, Land and Water Conservation. 52 p. 
       [13211]

.  U.S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 1982.
       National list of scientific plant names. Vol. 1. List of plant names.
       SCS-TP-159. Washington, DC. 416 p.  [11573]