• Major changes in the scientist review process (currently no advancement credit is given for non-research activities) must be made for meaningful participation by FS research scientists in the science delivery process.
• Research projects at the program or team level must include a strategic plan to deliver science that describes the products desired, product life cycle, and chain of responsibility for those products.
• Large research teams should have science delivery personnel who are closely involved with research, familiar with the team's user community and able to judge the best mechanism for delivery.
• Regularly scheduled meetings and designated personnel in both science and management, responsible for climate-change issues, will facilitate collaboration over time.
• Trained science communicators at the Station and National level must coordinate with individual scientists in the delivery of scientific knowledge to the public and policy makers.

A second important facet of science delivery will be enhancement of relationships with organizations outside the FS. There is a need for the FS to partner with the other Department of Agriculture agencies such as Cooperative Extension as well as with non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and in particular with private consultant groups, which are often utilized by private land owners seeking guidance on forest and grassland management. For example, modeling tools such as iTree and COLE were developed with partnerships between FS, the private sector, and several NGOs. Other federal science agencies are also critical to FS technology transfer efforts. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, for example, is developing regional climate scenarios in its Regional Integrated Sciences and Assessments Program for which FS vegetation modeling efforts have a vital need, and US Geologic Survey operates the stream gauge network on which FS hydrology projections depend. FS Research also will benefit by partnering with various scientific societies, such as the American Geophysical Union or Ecological Society of America which can be viewed as the "honest brokers of scientific knowledge," to coordinate the synthesis, provide peer review, and to develop various products beyond the typical peer reviewed journal article. The results of these interactions should be a series of actions aimed specifically at effective and efficient technology transfer to stakeholders, as follows:

• Regional Centers of Excellence. Several teams of GIS/Modeling/Climate change specialists should be located around the country to provide managers with the regional resources and information they need to successfully complete a project.
• User-Friendly Models. Computer models, both qualitative and quantitative, should be provided as a set to simulate, synthesize, and summarize climate change effects into desirable formats that are easy to use, easy to parameterize, and easy to initialize.
• Training Courses. A set of training courses should be developed to teach managers 1) how to integrate climate change into common analyses and 2) how to run the models.
• Certification Programs. A set of requirements should be developed so that a manager can be certified to deal with climate change issues. This would include training courses, modeling exercises, and practica.

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